Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системи» з відповідями

What is acromegaly?

1. AToo little thyroid hormone in an adult
2. BToo little growth hormone in a child
3. CToo much cortisol from the adrenal glands
4. DToo much growth hormone in an adult

Яка ознака типова для нецукрового діабету?

1. AВисока глюкоза в крові з великою кількістю глюкози в сечі
2. BМалі обсяги дуже концентрованої сечі
3. CВеликі обсяги розбавленої сечі та сильна спрага
4. DЗатримка рідини з низьким рівнем натрію в сироватці

What is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer?

1. AFrequent urinary infections in childhood
2. BDrinking a lot of water
3. CSmoking
4. DA diet high in fruit

Which statement about storing insulin is correct?

1. AInsulin should be kept on a sunny windowsill to stay warm
2. BAll insulin must be stored in the freezer to keep it stable
3. CUnopened insulin goes in the fridge and must never be frozen
4. DInsulin that has been frozen can be used once it has thawed

A patient with gout has recurrent uric acid kidney stones. Which treatment helps prevent them?

1. AAllopurinol and making the urine less acidic
2. BCalcium tablets and a low-fluid diet
3. CVitamin C supplements and a high-meat diet
4. DRestricting fluids in the evening only

An older patient with a long-term catheter has bacteria in the urine but no symptoms. What is usually appropriate?

1. AA full course of antibiotics straight away
2. BNo antibiotics, as long as there are no symptoms
3. CAntibiotics for life to keep the urine sterile
4. DRemove the catheter permanently at once

A patient on insulin has worsening chronic kidney disease and is having more hypos. What is the best explanation?

1. AKidney disease makes the meter read too low
2. BKidney disease makes the body resistant to insulin
3. CThe patient is eating far more carbohydrate than before
4. DThe kidneys clear less insulin, so it lasts longer

A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3,4 mmol/L (about 13,6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?

1. AOral calcium tablets
2. BIV fluids to rehydrate the patient
3. CIV calcium gluconate and vitamin D
4. DA fluid restriction