Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системи» з відповідями

Яких дій слід уникати на руці з фістулою для гемодіалізу?

1. AРухів рукою у звичайний спосіб
2. BОбережного промацування фістули для відчуття тремтіння
3. CМанжетів для вимірювання тиску або забору крові
4. DМиття її з милом і водою

What is sciatica?

1. AStiffness of the hips in the morning
2. BPain in the front of the knee caused by arthritis
3. CCramp in the calf muscle after exercise, caused by low potassium levels
4. DPain that spreads down the back of the leg from an irritated nerve root

Which hourly urine output is usually taken as the minimum acceptable for an adult?

1. AAbout 0,5 mL/kg per hour
2. BAbout 10 mL/kg per hour
3. CAbout 5 mL/kg per hour
4. DAbout 0,05 mL/kg per hour

A routine blood test shows a potassium of 6,4 mmol/L. The lab reports that the sample was haemolysed. The patient feels well. What should the nurse do?

1. AIgnore it, because haemolysis always gives a normal result
2. BGive oral potassium supplements straight away
3. CInform the doctor and arrange an urgent repeat sample
4. DStart dialysis as soon as possible

A stroke patient with dysphagia has been started on a modified diet. Which action best reduces the risk of aspiration?

1. AGive fluids through a straw so they flow more slowly
2. BLay the patient flat straight after meals so they can rest and digest
3. CSit the patient fully upright for meals and for a while afterwards
4. DFeed quickly so the patient does not tire during the meal

A man starts tamsulosin for BPH. Which teaching point is most important?

1. ATake it with grapefruit juice to make it work better
2. BExpect the drug to shrink the prostate within a day
3. CStop it if the urine stream improves
4. DStand up slowly, because it can make you dizzy

Near the end of a haemodialysis session, a patient has painful leg cramps and a falling blood pressure. What is the most likely cause?

1. AFluid is being removed too quickly
2. BAn allergic reaction to the needles
3. CThe dialysate is too cold
4. DNot enough fluid is being removed

A patient arrives five hours after the onset of a stroke. A CT angiogram shows a blockage of a large artery in the brain. What is the most appropriate next step?

1. ANo treatment, because the time for any reperfusion has passed
2. BStart IV alteplase immediately without further imaging
3. CGive aspirin and plan a review on the ward tomorrow
4. DUrgent referral for assessment for mechanical thrombectomy