Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системи» з відповідями

How does haemodialysis remove waste from the blood?

1. AThe blood is spun so that waste sinks to the bottom
2. BThe waste is removed through a tube in the bladder
3. CWaste diffuses across a membrane into a cleaning fluid
4. DA filter in the stomach absorbs waste from food

What is the most common type of kidney stone?

1. AStruvite
2. BCystine
3. CCalcium oxalate
4. DUric acid

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis typically follows which event?

1. AAn episode of bloody diarrhoea from food poisoning
2. BA kidney stone passed the week before
3. CA long course of antibiotics for pneumonia
4. DA throat or skin infection a few weeks earlier

How does the nurse test the facial nerve (VII)?

1. ATouch the forehead, cheek and chin with cotton wool
2. BShine a light in each eye and check the pupil response
3. CAsk them to raise the eyebrows, shut the eyes tightly and smile
4. DAsk the patient to stick out the tongue and move it from side to side

When the nurse squeezes the trapezius muscle, the patient brings a hand up above the collarbone towards the stimulus. Which GCS motor score is this?

1. A5, localises to pain
2. B3, abnormal flexion
3. C6, obeys commands
4. D4, withdraws from pain

A patient who has had type 1 diabetes for 30 years says they no longer feel the warning signs of a hypo. What is this called?

1. AThe dawn phenomenon
2. BInsulin resistance
3. CHypoglycaemia unawareness
4. DDiabetic ketoacidosis

A patient had rapid-acting insulin before lunch, then vomited the meal 15 minutes later. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the evening long-acting insulin early to balance it
2. BMonitor glucose closely and tell the prescriber about the hypo risk
3. CGive another insulin dose because the meal was lost
4. DIgnore it, because vomiting raises blood glucose

A patient's potassium is 7,1 mmol/L, and the ECG shows peaked T waves and broad QRS complexes. What is the first treatment?

1. AIV furosemide
2. BIV calcium gluconate
3. COral potassium binder
4. DOral sodium bicarbonate