Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системи» з відповідями

A patient with Bell's palsy cannot close one eye fully. Which advice is most important?

1. ALeave the eye uncovered so air can dry it out
2. BWear contact lenses to keep the eye moist
3. CUse lubricating eye drops and protect or tape the eye at night
4. DMassage the closed eyeball firmly several times every day

What is the main action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?

1. AIt makes the kidneys keep potassium
2. BIt makes the kidneys pass more water
3. CIt makes the kidneys pass more glucose
4. DIt makes the kidneys reabsorb water

Яка поширена преренальна причина гострого пошкодження нирок?

1. AЗбільшена передміхурова залоза, що блокує відтік
2. BКамені в нирках, що блокують обидва сечоводи
3. CУшкодження канальців гентаміцином
4. DЗневоднення або низький артеріальний тиск

Який критерій гострого пошкодження нирок (KDIGO) стосується діурезу?

1. AНижче 0,5 mL/kg/год протягом 6 годин і більше
2. BНижче 2 mL/kg/год протягом 1 години
3. CБудь-яка зміна кольору сечі
4. DНижче 1 L за 24 години незалежно від надходження

During continuous bladder irrigation, 3200 mL drains out in a shift. 2500 mL of irrigation fluid was put in. What is the true urine output?

1. A700 mL
2. B2500 mL
3. C3200 mL
4. D5700 mL

A routine blood test shows a potassium of 6,4 mmol/L. The lab reports that the sample was haemolysed. The patient feels well. What should the nurse do?

1. AInform the doctor and arrange an urgent repeat sample
2. BIgnore it, because haemolysis always gives a normal result
3. CStart dialysis as soon as possible
4. DGive oral potassium supplements straight away

A patient is being assessed for brain death (brainstem death). Which condition must be excluded before testing?

1. AEffects of sedative drugs or severe hypothermia
2. BA previous episode of migraine
3. CA history of high blood pressure
4. DA haemoglobin of 110 g/L (11 g/dL)

After a TURP, a patient on bladder irrigation has bladder spasms. The drainage has slowed and contains clots, and the bag holds less than the irrigant given. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive an antispasmodic and recheck in four hours
2. BSuspect a clot in the catheter and follow the protocol
3. CEncourage the patient to strain to pass the clots
4. DTurn off the irrigation and leave the catheter alone