Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Epoetin alfa, often used in chronic kidney disease, stimulates the production of:

1. APlatelets
2. BWhite blood cells
3. CRed blood cells
4. DClotting factors

What is a prodrug?

1. AA drug that has passed all clinical trials
2. BA drug that is given before surgery
3. CA drug that is inactive until the body converts it into its active form
4. DA drug that prevents or reverses the effect of another drug in the body

A patient taking furosemide is advised to eat potassium-rich foods. Which food is a good choice?

1. AButter
2. BWhite rice
3. CEgg whites
4. DBananas

Why should a patient rinse the mouth after using an inhaled corticosteroid?

1. ATo reduce the risk of oral thrush (candidiasis) and hoarseness
2. BTo make the drug work faster in the lungs
3. CTo prevent a fall in blood glucose
4. DTo stop the drug being absorbed too quickly into the blood

Частковий агоніст дають разом з високою дозою повного агоніста. Що відбувається з відповіддю?

1. AВона залишається точно такою, як з одним повним агоністом у високій дозі
2. BВона подвоюється, бо обидва препарати активують рецептор
3. CВона зменшується, бо частковий агоніст конкурує за рецептори
4. DВона зростає понад максимум повного агоніста

Why are many drugs started at lower doses in older adults?

1. AOlder adults absorb no drugs from the stomach
2. BOlder adults always weigh more than younger adults, so drugs last longer
3. CLower doses are cheaper for older patients
4. DKidney and liver clearance often decline, and sensitivity to drugs increases

A drug is ordered at 5 micrograms/kg/min for an 80 kg patient. The infusion contains 1,600 micrograms per mL. What rate in mL/h is needed?

1. A25 mL/h
2. B15 mL/h
3. C4 mL/h
4. D150 mL/h

During general anaesthesia with a volatile agent and suxamethonium (succinylcholine), a patient develops muscle rigidity, rising end-tidal CO₂ and a fast-rising temperature. Which drug is the specific treatment?

1. ANeostigmine
2. BParacetamol
3. CNaloxone
4. DDantrolene