Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

In the United States, what is a "boxed warning" (black box warning) on a drug label?

1. AA label showing that the drug is a controlled substance with abuse potential
2. BA sign that the drug must be stored in a dark box
3. CA note that the drug is available without prescription
4. DThe strongest FDA warning about a serious or life-threatening risk

Який орган метаболізує більшість ліків?

1. AПечінка
2. BНирка
3. CСелезінка
4. DЛегеня

Which harmless effect of rifampicin should patients be warned about?

1. AGreen colouring of the stools
2. BWhite spots on the teeth
3. COrange-red colouring of urine, sweat and tears
4. DBlue colouring of the fingernails and lips

How should a topical corticosteroid cream usually be applied?

1. AOn broken, infected skin to speed healing
2. BAs a thin layer to the affected area only, as directed
3. CUnder a tight plastic dressing every night without advice
4. DAs a thick layer over the whole body

A patient has oral mucositis after chemotherapy. Which advice is appropriate?

1. AUse an alcohol-based mouthwash several times a day to kill germs
2. BUse a soft toothbrush and rinse with saline or a bland mouthwash
3. CBrush hard with a firm toothbrush to remove debris
4. DEat spicy and acidic foods to stimulate healing

Why should a patient rinse the mouth after using an inhaled corticosteroid?

1. ATo prevent a fall in blood glucose
2. BTo make the drug work faster in the lungs
3. CTo reduce the risk of oral thrush (candidiasis) and hoarseness
4. DTo stop the drug being absorbed too quickly into the blood

Lithium taken in the first trimester of pregnancy has been linked to which type of birth defect?

1. ACleft lip and palate only
2. BLimb defects similar to thalidomide
3. CNeural tube defects such as spina bifida
4. DHeart malformations, such as Ebstein's anomaly

A patient taking azathioprine is prescribed allopurinol for gout. What is the main danger?

1. ASevere bone marrow suppression, because azathioprine breakdown is reduced
2. BLiver enzyme induction, making azathioprine ineffective
3. CGout becomes worse because allopurinol is inactivated by azathioprine
4. DSevere hypertension from the combination