Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

How does ezetimibe lower cholesterol?

1. AIt reduces the absorption of cholesterol from the intestine
2. BIt inhibits HMG-CoA reductase in the liver
3. CIt increases the excretion of cholesterol in the urine and bile
4. DIt binds bile acids in the gut

Finasteride is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia because it:

1. AInhibits 5-alpha reductase and slowly shrinks the prostate
2. BKills bacteria in the prostate
3. CIncreases testosterone production
4. DRelaxes smooth muscle in the prostate within hours of the first dose

Adenosine is used mainly to:

1. ATerminate supraventricular tachycardia
2. BTreat ventricular fibrillation
3. CRaise blood pressure in shock
4. DPrevent blood clots in atrial fibrillation

Що робить передозування трициклічних антидепресантів, як-от амітриптиліну, особливо небезпечним?

1. AКамені в нирках
2. BРаптова висока глюкоза крові
3. CСерцеві аритмії та судоми
4. DТяжка печінкова недостатність за кілька годин

A patient is starting doxazosin, an alpha-1 blocker. What should the nurse advise about the first dose?

1. ATake it only if the urine is darker than usual
2. BTake it at bedtime, because it can cause dizziness and fainting
3. CTake it in the morning with a cup of strong coffee to stay alert
4. DExpect a short rise in blood pressure after the dose

Why is directly observed therapy (DOT) often used for tuberculosis?

1. ATB drugs must always be given intravenously in hospital
2. BThe drugs work only if a nurse is present
3. CPatients with TB cannot swallow tablets
4. DTreatment lasts months, and missed doses cause resistance

Morphine 4 mg IV is ordered. The ampoule contains 10 mg/mL. What volume should be drawn up?

1. A0,04 mL
2. B4 mL
3. C0,4 mL
4. D2,5 mL

A 19-year-old woman is starting isotretinoin for severe acne. Which requirement is most important?

1. AWeekly hearing tests and monthly eye examinations during treatment
2. BA high-vitamin A diet to boost the effect
3. CTaking the drug only at weekends
4. DReliable contraception and pregnancy tests, as it is highly teratogenic