Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Psyllium (ispaghula husk) is which type of laxative?

1. AStool softener
2. BBulk-forming
3. COsmotic
4. DStimulant

Buspirone is used mainly to treat:

1. AGeneralised anxiety disorder
2. BPanic attacks needing immediate relief
3. CSevere pain
4. DAcute alcohol withdrawal

Sumatriptan is used mainly to:

1. ATreat an acute migraine attack
2. BTreat high blood pressure
3. CRelieve nerve pain from diabetes
4. DPrevent epileptic seizures

Which rule applies to intravenous potassium chloride?

1. AIt is given as a rapid IV push to correct low levels quickly
2. BIt must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push
3. CIt may be given intramuscularly if there is no IV access
4. DIt is mixed into blood products to save time

Which group of signs suggests opioid withdrawal?

1. AConstipation, itching and a slow heart rate
2. BPinpoint pupils, slow breathing and drowsiness
3. CDry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision and confusion
4. DYawning, runny nose, sweating, dilated pupils and diarrhoea

A transplant patient takes tacrolimus. Which monitoring is most important?

1. AThyroid function and bone density
2. BBlood drug levels and kidney function
3. CSerum amylase
4. DPeak expiratory flow

Five days after starting clindamycin, a patient has frequent watery diarrhoea, abdominal cramps and a fever. What should the nurse suspect and do?

1. AC. difficile infection; send stool, use contact precautions, avoid antidiarrhoeals
2. BFood poisoning; encourage a high-fibre diet and plenty of milk products
3. CAn allergy to clindamycin; give an antihistamine and continue the antibiotic
4. DA normal side effect; give loperamide and continue as usual

Який протиепілептичний препарат має найвищий відомий ризик дефектів нервової трубки та порушень розвитку при прийомі під час вагітності?

1. AГабапентин
2. BВальпроат натрію
3. CЛамотриджин
4. DЛеветирацетам