Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

What is the normal serum potassium range in adults?

1. A3,5–5,0 mmol/L
2. B6,0–7,5 mmol/L
3. C1,5–2,5 mmol/L
4. D135–145 mmol/L

Donepezil, used in Alzheimer's disease, belongs to which class?

1. ADopamine agonists
2. BAcetylcholinesterase inhibitors
3. CSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
4. DBenzodiazepines

Which opioid receptor is mainly responsible for the pain relief and respiratory depression of morphine?

1. AKappa receptor
2. BMu receptor
3. CNicotinic receptor
4. DDelta receptor

How should the nurse straighten the ear canal to give ear drops to a 2-year-old child?

1. APush the pinna forward and up
2. BLeave the ear untouched and drop into the canal
3. CPull the pinna up and back
4. DPull the pinna down and back

Which approach is usually recommended to prevent constipation in a patient on regular opioids?

1. AA stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener
2. BAn antidiarrhoeal drug at night to slow the gut
3. CBulk-forming fibre alone, with fluid intake restricted
4. DNo laxative until the patient has not opened the bowels for a week

Long-term use of metformin can cause a deficiency of which vitamin?

1. AVitamin B12
2. BVitamin A
3. CVitamin K
4. DVitamin D

A patient with myasthenia gravis took extra pyridostigmine doses. She now has increasing weakness, heavy salivation, sweating, small pupils and diarrhoea. What is the most likely cause?

1. ACholinergic crisis from too much anticholinesterase drug
2. BAn allergic reaction to pyridostigmine
3. CMyasthenic crisis from too little anticholinesterase drug
4. DA stroke unrelated to the medication

Чим найбільше відома катастрофа з талідомідом кінця 1950-х і початку 1960-х років і до чого вона призвела?

1. AГлухотою в дітей; до припинення досліджень на тваринах
2. BПечінковою недостатністю в дорослих; до заборони всіх седативних засобів
3. CТяжкими вадами кінцівок у немовлят; до суворішого тестування й регулювання ліків
4. DІнфарктами в літніх людей; до появи генериків