Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Drugs whose names end in "-sartan", such as losartan, belong to which class?

1. AACE inhibitors, which block the converting enzyme
2. BAngiotensin II receptor blockers
3. CAlpha-1 blockers
4. DLoop diuretics

Zolpidem is mainly prescribed for:

1. AShort-term treatment of insomnia
2. BLong-term treatment of depression
3. CPrevention of migraine
4. DTreatment of Parkinson's disease

Naltrexone helps in alcohol use disorder because it:

1. ACauses vomiting and flushing whenever alcohol is drunk
2. BBlocks opioid receptors, reducing reward and craving
3. CReplaces alcohol as a sedative
4. DSpeeds up the liver breakdown of alcohol

Besides lithium levels, which blood tests are monitored in long-term lithium treatment?

1. ALiver enzymes, serum amylase and lipase
2. BINR and fibrinogen
3. CTroponin and CK-MB
4. DKidney function and thyroid function

Which advice helps reduce the most common side effect of varenicline?

1. ATake it after food with a full glass of water
2. BTake double doses in the first week
3. CTake it with alcohol to reduce nausea
4. DTake it on an empty stomach at bedtime with a little milk

Чому НПЗЗ, як-от ібупрофен, підвищують ризик виразки шлунка?

1. AЗменшують захисні простагландини в слизовій шлунка
2. BПідвищують pH шлункової кислоти
3. CЗбільшують кількість Helicobacter pylori в шлунку
4. DБезпосередньо розчиняють шар слизу

A postoperative patient using morphine PCA is very drowsy, hard to rouse and has a respiratory rate of 7 per minute. What should the nurse do first?

1. ALet the patient sleep and recheck in one hour
2. BEncourage the patient to press the button only when awake and in pain
3. CStop the PCA, try to rouse the patient and give naloxone as per protocol
4. DReduce the PCA dose and leave the pump running

A malnourished patient with low serum albumin shows nystagmus and unsteady gait. Her total phenytoin level is within range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AMore phenytoin is unbound when albumin is low, so free levels rise
2. BLow albumin makes phenytoin bind more tightly, so the drug is less active
3. CThe total level is high, but the laboratory is wrong
4. DLow albumin speeds up phenytoin metabolism