Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Which drug is used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning?

1. AHydroxocobalamin
2. BProtamine sulfate
3. CDeferoxamine
4. DVitamin K

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. AOvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)
2. BExcess saliva production
3. CLoss of taste
4. DBlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums

Which of these is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic?

1. AOlanzapine
2. BChlorpromazine
3. CHaloperidol
4. DFluphenazine

Which adverse effect is a well-known risk of zidovudine?

1. ABone marrow suppression, especially anaemia
2. BGum overgrowth
3. COrange-red colouring of the urine and tears
4. DRed–green colour blindness

Long-term use of metformin can cause a deficiency of which vitamin?

1. AVitamin D
2. BVitamin B12
3. CVitamin A
4. DVitamin K

How should a hyoscine (scopolamine) patch for motion sickness be used?

1. AApply it behind the ear several hours before travel
2. BApply it to the chest only after the vomiting has started
3. CSwallow it if no water is available
4. DCut it in half for children without advice

A patient receiving a phenylephrine infusion has a rise in blood pressure and a fall in heart rate. What is the best explanation?

1. APhenylephrine stimulates muscarinic receptors
2. BAlpha-1 vasoconstriction raises blood pressure and causes reflex bradycardia
3. CThe fall in heart rate shows phenylephrine toxicity of the AV node
4. DPhenylephrine directly blocks beta-1 receptors in the heart's conduction system

Який протиепілептичний препарат має найвищий відомий ризик дефектів нервової трубки та порушень розвитку при прийомі під час вагітності?

1. AЛамотриджин
2. BГабапентин
3. CЛеветирацетам
4. DВальпроат натрію