Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Яка головна роль інгаляційних кортикостероїдів при астмі?

1. AЗменшувати запалення дихальних шляхів і запобігати нападам
2. BРозріджувати слиз, щоб його можна було відкашляти
3. CЗнищувати бактерії в дихальних шляхах
4. DЗнімати раптовий бронхоспазм за кілька хвилин

Which of these is a live attenuated vaccine?

1. AInactivated influenza injection
2. BTetanus toxoid
3. CMMR (measles, mumps and rubella)
4. DHepatitis B vaccine

Buspirone is used mainly to treat:

1. APanic attacks needing immediate relief
2. BAcute alcohol withdrawal
3. CGeneralised anxiety disorder
4. DSevere pain

Which blood test is used to monitor warfarin therapy?

1. AINR (prothrombin time)
2. BSerum albumin
3. CActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
4. DPlatelet count

Why should NSAIDs be used with caution in some people with asthma?

1. AThey increase the clearance of salbutamol
2. BThey cause mucus plugs by drying the airways
3. CThey can trigger bronchospasm in aspirin-sensitive asthma
4. DThey block the anti-inflammatory effect of inhaled corticosteroids

How should oral potassium chloride tablets be taken?

1. ACrushed and dissolved under the tongue
2. BWith food and plenty of water, swallowed whole if slow-release
3. COn an empty stomach with only a small sip of water, then lie down
4. DLying down straight after the dose

A patient with an epidural infusion of local anaesthetic becomes hypotensive. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. AThe drug increases urine output and causes dehydration
2. BThe local anaesthetic causes a severe allergic reaction
3. CBlockade of sympathetic nerves causes vasodilation
4. DThe epidural catheter has caused heavy bleeding

A patient on valproate becomes lethargic, starts vomiting and develops jaundice. Which adverse effect should be suspected first?

1. ALiver toxicity
2. BKidney stones
3. CNormal start-up side effects
4. DHypothyroidism