Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Alendronate, used for osteoporosis, belongs to which class?

1. ACorticosteroids
2. BBisphosphonates
3. CCalcium channel blockers
4. DThyroid hormones

Propofol is mainly used for:

1. ALong-term treatment of epilepsy at home by mouth
2. BTreating nausea after chemotherapy
3. CPain relief after surgery on the ward
4. DInducing and maintaining anaesthesia, and ICU sedation

In hepatic encephalopathy, lactulose is given mainly to:

1. AReduce fluid in the abdomen
2. BStop bleeding from varices
3. CLower the blood ammonia level
4. DRaise the blood glucose level

Чому доксициклін не слід приймати одночасно з молоком чи антацидами?

1. AКальцій та інші іони металів зв'язують його й зменшують всмоктування
2. BАнтациди перетворюють його на токсичну сполуку
3. CЦе поєднання спричиняє тяжкий закреп
4. DМолоко прискорює його розпад у печінці через індукцію ферментів

A patient is starting lisinopril. Which rare but serious adverse effect should the nurse teach the patient to report immediately?

1. ADarker skin after exposure to sunlight
2. BSwelling of the lips, tongue or face
3. CA harmless rash on the palms of the hands
4. DAn increase in appetite in the evening

A patient refuses a prescribed oral medicine. What should the nurse do?

1. ARecord the medicine as given, so that the chart stays complete for the next shift
2. BLeave the tablet on the bedside table for later
3. CExplore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber
4. DHide the tablet in the patient's food

A nurse gives 2 mg from a 4 mg ampoule of morphine. What should happen to the remaining 2 mg?

1. AIt is given to the next patient who needs morphine
2. BIt is kept labelled in the patient's drawer for the next dose
3. CIt is poured down the sink without telling anyone
4. DIt is discarded in front of a witness, and both sign the record

Why is strict aseptic technique and a limited hang time needed for propofol infusions?

1. ALight exposure changes propofol into an opioid
2. BPropofol becomes more potent the longer it hangs
3. CPropofol breaks down into a toxic gas after a few hours
4. DIts lipid emulsion lets bacteria grow if it is contaminated