Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Which effect is common and harmless with oral iron tablets?

1. AYellow discoloration of the eyes
2. BRed-coloured urine
3. CDark or black stools
4. DBlue tint to the lips

Why are corticosteroids such as betamethasone given to a woman at risk of preterm birth?

1. ATo prevent infection in the mother
2. BTo lower the mother's blood glucose
3. CTo stop contractions completely
4. DTo speed up fetal lung maturity

Oxytocin is used in obstetrics mainly to:

1. AInduce or strengthen contractions and prevent postpartum bleeding
2. BMature the fetal lungs before birth
3. CLower blood pressure in pre-eclampsia
4. DStop preterm labour by relaxing the uterine muscle

A patient is due the first dose of IV cefuroxime. Which question is most important before giving it?

1. A"Have you ever had a reaction to penicillin or another antibiotic?"
2. B"Have you eaten anything in the last two hours?"
3. C"Have you taken paracetamol today?"
4. D"Do you prefer the drip in your left arm or in your right arm?"

Варфарин діє, бо:

1. AБлокує вітамін K-залежний синтез факторів згортання
2. BАктивує антитромбін
3. CБлокує агрегацію тромбоцитів через необоротне пригнічення ЦОГ-1
4. DПрямо пригнічує тромбін

Which group of signs suggests opioid withdrawal?

1. APinpoint pupils, slow breathing and drowsiness
2. BConstipation, itching and a slow heart rate
3. CDry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision and confusion
4. DYawning, runny nose, sweating, dilated pupils and diarrhoea

A patient taking digoxin has nausea, yellow-green vision and a dangerous arrhythmia. Which specific treatment can bind the drug?

1. AProtamine sulfate
2. BDigoxin immune Fab (antibody fragments)
3. CFlumazenil
4. DIntravenous vitamin K (phytomenadione) given slowly

A patient with severe liver cirrhosis needs a benzodiazepine for alcohol withdrawal. Why is lorazepam often chosen instead of diazepam?

1. ALorazepam is a stronger anticonvulsant than all other benzodiazepines
2. BLorazepam is excreted unchanged in the urine without any metabolism
3. CLorazepam does not cause sedation in liver disease
4. DLorazepam is cleared by simple conjugation and has no active metabolites