Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Dextromethorphan is used as:

1. AA nasal decongestant
2. BAn antibiotic for chest infections
3. CAn expectorant that thins mucus
4. DA cough suppressant

Для лікування якої хвороби переважно використовують леводопу?

1. AЕпілепсії
2. BХвороби Альцгеймера
3. CХвороби Паркінсона
4. DРозсіяного склерозу

Яку групу ліків застосовують, щоб зняти гострий напад астми?

1. AІнгібітори АПФ
2. BБета-блокатори
3. CАнтигістамінні засоби
4. DБета-2-агоністи короткої дії

A patient with diabetes is sweaty and shaky. Blood glucose is 3,0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL). The patient is awake and can swallow. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive intramuscular glucagon at once
2. BGive the next scheduled dose of insulin
3. CGive a large meal high in fat and protein to keep glucose up for longer
4. DGive 15–20 g of fast-acting carbohydrate, such as juice

Why is a progestogen added to oestrogen in hormone replacement therapy for a woman who still has her uterus?

1. ATo protect against endometrial hyperplasia and cancer
2. BTo lower the risk of blood clots to zero
3. CTo prevent breast cancer completely
4. DTo reduce hot flushes much more than oestrogen alone can

Before starting a TNF-alpha inhibitor such as adalimumab, which test is required?

1. AA bone density scan
2. BAn echocardiogram in every patient
3. CScreening for latent tuberculosis
4. DA glucose tolerance test

A patient taking sertraline starts St John's wort for low mood. What is the main concern?

1. ASerotonin syndrome from combined serotonergic effects
2. BBleeding from vitamin K deficiency
3. CSevere low blood pressure from blocked alpha receptors
4. DA hypertensive crisis from tyramine

A 19-year-old woman is starting isotretinoin for severe acne. Which requirement is most important?

1. AWeekly hearing tests and monthly eye examinations during treatment
2. BTaking the drug only at weekends
3. CReliable contraception and pregnancy tests, as it is highly teratogenic
4. DA high-vitamin A diet to boost the effect