Робочий аркуш «Фармакологія» з відповідями

Dextromethorphan is used as:

1. AA cough suppressant
2. BAn antibiotic for chest infections
3. CAn expectorant that thins mucus
4. DA nasal decongestant

Яка головна роль інгаляційних кортикостероїдів при астмі?

1. AЗнищувати бактерії в дихальних шляхах
2. BЗнімати раптовий бронхоспазм за кілька хвилин
3. CРозріджувати слиз, щоб його можна було відкашляти
4. DЗменшувати запалення дихальних шляхів і запобігати нападам

Яку групу ліків застосовують, щоб зняти гострий напад астми?

1. AІнгібітори АПФ
2. BАнтигістамінні засоби
3. CБета-блокатори
4. DБета-2-агоністи короткої дії

A patient with suspected sepsis has blood cultures ordered and a first antibiotic dose due. What should the nurse do?

1. AWait for the culture results before giving any antibiotic
2. BGive the antibiotic first, then take blood cultures the next day
3. CTake the blood cultures first, then give the antibiotic at once
4. DGive the antibiotic only if the temperature is above 40 °C (104 °F)

A patient refuses a prescribed oral medicine. What should the nurse do?

1. ALeave the tablet on the bedside table for later
2. BRecord the medicine as given, so that the chart stays complete for the next shift
3. CExplore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber
4. DHide the tablet in the patient's food

In which patient is bupropion contraindicated?

1. AA patient who wants to stop smoking
2. BA patient with a seizure disorder or an eating disorder
3. CA patient with seasonal allergies
4. DA patient with high blood cholesterol and a family history of it

A patient taking digoxin has nausea, yellow-green vision and a dangerous arrhythmia. Which specific treatment can bind the drug?

1. AIntravenous vitamin K (phytomenadione) given slowly
2. BProtamine sulfate
3. CFlumazenil
4. DDigoxin immune Fab (antibody fragments)

A patient who takes clonidine stopped it suddenly two days ago. He is now agitated, has a headache and his blood pressure is very high. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ARebound hypertension from abrupt clonidine withdrawal
2. BAn allergic reaction to clonidine
3. CNormal variation unrelated to the medication
4. DClonidine toxicity due to slow excretion by the kidneys