Ưu tiên và ủy quyền kiểu NCLEX: gói ôn nước rút

A patient has heart failure. Which instruction about daily weights is best to give the nursing assistant?

1. A“Only weigh him if his ankles look more swollen than they did yesterday afternoon.”
2. B“Weigh him each morning before breakfast, on the same scale, and tell me the result.”
3. C“Weigh him after lunch, fully dressed, with his shoes on.”
4. D“Weigh him at any time today, on whichever scale is free.”

The charge nurse overhears four instructions from an RN to a nursing assistant. Which one needs to be corrected?

1. A“Help him wash and change, and tell me at once if you see any red or broken skin.”
2. B“Check his glucose and give the insulin according to the sliding scale.”
3. C“Check his glucose before lunch and tell me the number straight away.”
4. D“Walk him to the bathroom and back, and stay with him the whole time.”

Which information must be documented when a patient is restrained?

1. AOnly the name of the nurse who applied it and the unit where it happened
2. BThe reason, alternatives tried, type of restraint, times and regular assessments
3. COnly whether the family agreed to the restraint
4. DOnly the time the restraint was put on and the time it was taken off

Một bệnh nhân từng có MRSA ở vết thương và nay cần thay băng. Trang bị bảo hộ cá nhân nào phù hợp?

1. AChỉ khẩu trang hô hấp N95, vì MRSA là vi khuẩn kháng thuốc
2. BChỉ găng tay vô khuẩn, không áo choàng hay bảo hộ khác
3. CKhông cần trang bị bảo hộ nếu sau đó làm sạch tay
4. DÁo choàng và găng tay, thêm bảo vệ mắt và khẩu trang nếu có khả năng bắn tóe

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium of 5,6 mEq/L. Which food should the nurse advise the patient to limit?

1. AApples
2. BWhite rice
3. CBananas
4. DCabbage

A patient receiving parenteral nutrition with lipid emulsion has a triglyceride level of 620 mg/dL (7,0 mmol/L). Why is this result important?

1. AIt shows the nutrition is fully effective
2. BIt means the patient needs more lipid
3. CIt raises the risk of acute pancreatitis
4. DIt is a normal fasting value for adults

Modern wound care generally aims to keep a healing wound bed:

1. ATightly packed with dry gauze
2. BSoaked in antiseptic solution every day
3. CMoist but not wet
4. DCompletely dry and open to the air

A nurse teaches a patient with asthma about a new inhaled steroid "preventer". Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will use it every day even when I feel well."
2. B"I will rinse my mouth after using it."
3. C"I'll keep my reliever inhaler with me."
4. D"I will only use it when I'm wheezy."

What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

1. AA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
2. BA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
3. CA leaking aortic valve
4. DA blocked pulmonary artery

A patient with infective endocarditis is on IV gentamicin with another antibiotic. Which monitoring is most important?

1. ALiver size by daily palpation and weekly abdominal ultrasound
2. BDrug levels, renal function and hearing or balance changes
3. CPeak flow readings and spirometry before and after each dose
4. DBlood glucose only

A patient with gout has recurrent uric acid kidney stones. Which treatment helps prevent them?

1. ACalcium tablets and a low-fluid diet
2. BRestricting fluids in the evening only
3. CAllopurinol and making the urine less acidic
4. DVitamin C supplements and a high-meat diet

A patient with Parkinson's disease is nil by mouth after abdominal surgery. Their levodopa is due. What is the best action?

1. AGive double the dose once eating restarts
2. BOmit the dose until the patient can swallow again
3. CContact the prescriber or pharmacist about another route
4. DGive the tablets with a sip of water anyway

Why are antibody levels checked after a healthcare worker receives the hepatitis B vaccine?

1. ATo confirm that the vaccine produced immunity
2. BTo decide whether they need a liver biopsy
3. CTo measure liver damage caused by the vaccine
4. DTo check whether they caught hepatitis B from the vaccine

Quy tắc an toàn nào áp dụng cho vincristine?

1. ATốt nhất là tiêm tĩnh mạch nhanh vào tĩnh mạch nhỏ
2. BCó thể cho theo đường nào người kê đơn thích
3. CKhông bao giờ tiêm tủy sống; được cung cấp trong túi nhỏ chỉ để tiêm tĩnh mạch
4. DThường được tiêm tủy sống cùng các thuốc tủy sống khác