Ưu tiên và ủy quyền kiểu NCLEX: gói ôn nước rút

Which practice makes a shift handover safest?

1. AA structured format, such as SBAR, with time for questions
2. BLeaving a sticky note on the computer screen for the next nurse
3. CA quick chat in the corridor with no notes taken
4. DHanding over only the patients who had problems during the shift

A patient in labor is receiving oxytocin, and the fetal monitor shows repeated late decelerations. What should the nurse do first?

1. AStop the oxytocin infusion
2. BEncourage the patient to start pushing
3. CPlace the patient flat on her back
4. DIncrease the oxytocin rate

A patient has a weak left leg. Which instruction about using a cane is correct?

1. AKeep the cane well out to the side, away from the body
2. BHold the cane in the left hand, on the weaker side
3. CHold the cane in the right hand, on the stronger side
4. DMove the cane and the right leg forward together

A competent patient at high risk of falls insists on walking to the bathroom alone. What is the best nursing approach?

1. AExplain the risks, agree on ways to reduce them, respect the decision and document
2. BRemove the patient’s shoes and walking aid so that they cannot walk alone
3. CApply wrist restraints so the patient stays in bed
4. DTell the patient that walking alone is against hospital law

A urine culture report states "mixed growth of three organisms, likely contamination." What is the nurse's best response?

1. AStart treatment for all three organisms with three antibiotics
2. BInform the provider and arrange a new, correctly collected sample
3. CRecord the result as a confirmed urinary tract infection
4. DDiscard the report, because a mixed growth is always normal

Dấu hiệu nào gợi ý mạnh nhất rằng creatinine tăng của người bệnh là do tổn thương thận cấp chứ không phải bệnh thận mạn lâu năm?

1. ANgười bệnh có thận nhỏ trên siêu âm
2. BCreatinine bình thường cách đây ba ngày và đã tăng gấp đôi từ đó
3. CNgười bệnh thiếu máu lâu năm
4. DNgười bệnh có creatinine cao nhiều năm

Why is lactulose given to a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?

1. ATo increase the liver's production of albumin
2. BTo lower the blood glucose
3. CTo reduce the absorption of ammonia from the gut
4. DTo stop bleeding from varices

Trong phân loại ưu tiên (triage), bệnh nhân nào nên được khám trước?

1. ABệnh nhân thở khò khè và sưng môi sau khi ăn đậu phộng
2. BBệnh nhân bong gân cổ chân và sưng nhẹ
3. CBệnh nhân đau họng hai ngày
4. DBệnh nhân xin kê lại đơn thuốc

After a prescribed IV fluid bolus for hypotension, what should the nurse do next?

1. AStop all monitoring if the patient says they feel better
2. BStart a second fluid bolus straight away without checking anything
3. CWait until the next routine observations in four hours
4. DReassess heart rate, blood pressure, urine output and lung sounds

A ventilated patient is coughing, and the high-pressure alarm sounds. Coarse sounds are heard over the trachea. What should the nurse do first?

1. AAssess the patient and suction if secretions are present
2. BIncrease the tidal volume on the ventilator to overcome it
3. CTurn the alarm off and reassess the patient in an hour
4. DDeflate the endotracheal tube cuff fully

A patient has just started levetiracetam. Which side effect should the nurse teach them to report?

1. AChanges in mood, such as irritability, low mood or anger
2. BA persistent dry cough at night
3. COrange discoloration of the urine
4. DSwelling and overgrowth of the gums around the teeth

Which task for a patient with a urinary catheter can the nurse delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. AAssessing a patient whose irrigation is not draining
2. BDeciding whether the catheter can be removed
3. CEmptying the drainage bag and recording the volume
4. DTeaching self-catheterisation for the first time

Which group of findings suggests obstruction of the bile duct?

1. ARed urine, black stools and a high blood glucose
2. BJaundice, dark urine, pale stools and itching
3. CPale urine, dark stools and a flapping tremor
4. DNormal skin colour with diarrhoea and fever

On the ward after surgery, a patient has a red, blistered area of skin under where the diathermy plate was. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply a hot water bottle to improve the circulation
2. BIgnore it because skin changes after surgery are normal and expected to fade
3. CTreat it as a possible burn, report it and complete an incident form
4. DWash it with alcohol and leave it uncovered