Ưu tiên và ủy quyền kiểu NCLEX: gói ôn nước rút

Thuốc theo lịch nào quan trọng nhất về thời gian?

1. AThuốc làm mềm phân hằng ngày cùng bữa sáng
2. BInsulin tác dụng nhanh đến giờ cùng với khay bữa sáng đã đến
3. CViên statin hạ cholesterol hằng ngày cùng bữa sáng lúc 08:00
4. DViên vitamin tổng hợp hằng ngày đến giờ lúc 08:00

A patient receiving comfort-focused end-of-life care is distressed by breathlessness. Which approach is most appropriate?

1. AWithhold all opioids because they may slow breathing
2. BGive prescribed opioids and use positioning and a fan to relieve breathlessness
3. CStart a series of aggressive tests to find the exact cause of the breathlessness
4. DLeave the patient alone so they can rest

A patient in bed has a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. What should the nurse do?

1. APut a padded tongue blade between the teeth to protect the tongue from biting
2. BTurn the patient on their side and protect them from injury without restraining
3. CHold the arms and legs firmly to stop the movements
4. DGive sips of water to keep the airway moist

A nurse teaches parents about firearm safety at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“We keep the gun loaded in the nightstand, and the children know not to touch it.”
2. B“We store the gun unloaded in a locked safe in the bedroom.”
3. C“We will ask other parents about guns before play dates.”
4. D“We keep all the ammunition locked away separately from the gun.”

A patient is scheduled for a liver biopsy. Which laboratory results should the nurse check before the procedure?

1. ASerum sodium and chloride
2. BPlatelet count and PT/INR
3. CHbA1c and lipid panel
4. DTSH and free T₄

At the start of a shift, the nurse reviews four new results. Which patient needs attention first?

1. APotassium 5,2 mEq/L in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease
2. BHemoglobin 11,0 g/dL (110 g/L) in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis
3. CGlucose 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L) after a meal in a patient with diabetes
4. DSodium 119 mEq/L in a patient with new confusion and vomiting

Which measure helps prevent delirium in older inpatients?

1. AKeeping the lights on all night
2. BRestricting fluids to avoid incontinence
3. CMoving the patient to a different bed each night to give them a change of scene
4. DReorientation, glasses and hearing aids in use, and good sleep and hydration

Soon after starting chemotherapy for a high-grade lymphoma, a patient has rising potassium, phosphate and uric acid with falling urine output. What is the most likely cause?

1. ATumour lysis syndrome
2. BRefeeding syndrome
3. CSyndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion
4. DAdrenal insufficiency

A patient with heart failure is comfortable at rest but becomes breathless walking across a room. Which NYHA class fits best?

1. AClass I
2. BClass III
3. CClass II
4. DClass IV

Ống dẫn lưu ngực của bệnh nhân bị tuột khỏi bình dẫn lưu. Điều dưỡng nên làm gì trước tiên?

1. ANối lại, hoặc nhúng đầu ống vào nước vô khuẩn, rồi đánh giá
2. BĐể hở ra không khí cho đến khi bác sĩ đến xem
3. CRút ống dẫn lưu khỏi ngực và che vị trí
4. DKẹp ống vài giờ và kiểm tra lại bệnh nhân sau

For which patient with migraine would the nurse question an order for sumatriptan?

1. AA patient with an allergy to penicillin
2. BA patient who also has asthma
3. CA patient with well-controlled hypothyroidism
4. DA patient with a history of angina

Hạ natri máu mạn của một bệnh nhân được điều chỉnh từ 115 lên 132 mmol/L trong 24 giờ. Hai ngày sau họ nói ngọng, khó nuốt và yếu các chi. Nguyên nhân nhiều khả năng nhất là gì?

1. AHạ đường huyết do ăn uống kém
2. BHội chứng hủy myelin do thẩm thấu
3. CMột đột quỵ mới không liên quan đến natri
4. DHồi phục bình thường sau hạ natri máu

What does "neoadjuvant" treatment mean?

1. ATreatment that is given instead of any surgery
2. BTreatment given only for pain relief
3. CTreatment before the main treatment, often to shrink the tumour
4. DTreatment that is given only after the cancer has already spread

After surgery, a patient says they have "no pain" but grimaces, breathes shallowly and refuses to move or cough. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient firmly that they must stop hiding their pain from staff
2. BInsist they walk without any analgesia
3. CExplore their beliefs and explain how analgesia aids recovery
4. DAccept the statement and record a pain score of 0