Ưu tiên và ủy quyền kiểu NCLEX: gói ôn nước rút

After a hip replacement, a patient has sudden severe hip pain, and the operated leg looks shorter and turned. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA urinary tract infection
2. BA pressure injury on the heel
3. CNormal pain after surgery
4. DDislocation of the new hip

A patient has a potassium of 7,0 mEq/L with peaked T waves. Several drugs are prescribed. Which one is usually given first to protect the heart?

1. AIV furosemide
2. BOral potassium binder
3. COral sodium bicarbonate
4. DIV calcium gluconate

Which patient has the highest risk of a burn from a heating pad?

1. AA patient recovering from a cold
2. BA patient with a sprained wrist who is fully alert
3. CA patient with diabetic peripheral neuropathy
4. DA healthy young adult with a strained muscle

Y lệnh viết tay ghi "10U regular insulin subcut now". Hành động tốt nhất của điều dưỡng là gì?

1. ACho 100 đơn vị, như y lệnh có vẻ ghi
2. BLàm rõ y lệnh, vì "U" có thể bị đọc nhầm
3. CNhờ hộ lý đọc giúp chữ viết tay
4. DCho 10 đơn vị mà không thắc mắc, đúng như viết

A healthy patient has a mildly raised CK after running a marathon yesterday, without dark urine or symptoms. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe patient has developed acute hepatitis
2. BStrenuous exercise raised CK from skeletal muscle
3. CAn acute myocardial infarction has occurred
4. DThe patient has developed acute pancreatitis

A patient with right upper abdominal pain from gallstones now has jaundice, a total bilirubin of 4,8 mg/dL (82 µmol/L) and a raised ALP. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA stone blocking the common bile duct
2. BGilbert syndrome triggered by pain
3. CUncomplicated gallbladder inflammation
4. DHemolysis caused by the gallstones

A patient on the ward has shingles with open blisters. Which people are most at risk from contact?

1. APregnant women and immunocompromised people who have not had chickenpox
2. BOnly people over 80 who have already had shingles themselves
3. CNo one, because shingles cannot spread
4. DPeople who have already had chickenpox in childhood and are now healthy

Bệnh nhân dùng steroid lâu dài ốm nặng cấp tính sau khi nôn và bỏ liều, với hạ huyết áp và lú lẫn. Cần cân nhắc cấp cứu nào?

1. ACơn suy thượng thận cấp
2. BCơn bão giáp
3. CTăng calci máu
4. DĐái tháo nhạt

Virchow's triad describes three factors that promote venous thrombosis. Which patient factor represents venous stasis?

1. ADamage to a vein during hip surgery
2. BTaking an oestrogen-containing pill
3. CAn inherited clotting disorder
4. DImmobility after major surgery

A patient with severe sepsis becomes increasingly breathless over 24 hours. SpO₂ stays low despite high-flow oxygen, and the chest X-ray shows bilateral infiltrates. The heart function is normal. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAn acute asthma attack
2. BAcute respiratory distress syndrome
3. CSpontaneous pneumothorax
4. DAcute left ventricular failure after an MI

A woman who takes the combined contraceptive pill is starting carbamazepine. What should she be taught?

1. AShe should take both at the same time so they are absorbed together
2. BThere is no interaction between these two medicines
3. CCarbamazepine can make the pill less effective, so other contraception is needed
4. DThe pill makes carbamazepine toxic, so she must stop the pill

Bệnh nhân đột quỵ thiếu máu cục bộ cấp nào ít có khả năng đủ điều kiện tiêu huyết khối tĩnh mạch nhất?

1. ABệnh nhân vừa phẫu thuật bụng lớn năm ngày trước
2. BBệnh nhân có huyết áp 170/95 mmHg
3. CBệnh nhân có CT không có dấu hiệu chảy máu nội sọ
4. DBệnh nhân có triệu chứng khởi phát cách đây 90 phút

A patient had an upper GI endoscopy with a local anaesthetic throat spray. What must the nurse check before giving a drink?

1. AThat the patient's blood glucose is above normal
2. BThat the patient has passed urine since the procedure
3. CThat swallowing and the gag reflex have returned
4. DThat bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants

On day 3 after admission, a patient with alcohol dependence becomes confused, with hallucinations, sweating, tremor, fever and tachycardia. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn allergic reaction to hospital food
2. BNormal anxiety about being in hospital
3. CHepatitis A caught on the ward
4. DDelirium tremens from alcohol withdrawal