Ưu tiên và ủy quyền kiểu NCLEX: gói ôn nước rút

Một người lớn đang ăn trong phòng sinh hoạt chung đột nhiên ôm cổ và không thể nói, thở hay ho. Điều dưỡng nên làm gì trước tiên?

1. AChờ xem người bệnh có ho ra được không
2. BMóc mù ngón tay vào miệng
3. CGọi hỗ trợ và vỗ lưng rồi ấn bụng
4. DCho người bệnh một cốc nước để đẩy thức ăn xuống

A team has an RN, an LPN/LVN and a nursing assistant. Which task is the best one to assign to the LPN/LVN?

1. AWriting the discharge teaching plan for a patient with new diabetes
2. BGiving a scheduled subcutaneous anticoagulant injection to a stable patient
3. CAssessing a patient who returned from surgery 30 minutes ago
4. DMeasuring the vital signs and weights of every patient on the unit before breakfast

A patient on oxygen is being taken to another department by wheelchair. What should the nurse check first?

1. AThat the cylinder is placed on the patient’s lap
2. BThat the oxygen is turned off during the transfer to save the supply in the tank
3. CThat the cylinder is the largest size available
4. DThat the portable cylinder has enough oxygen for the whole trip

Which action by assistive personnel requires the nurse to step in?

1. APutting soiled linen straight into a laundry bag at the bedside
2. BGoing from one patient’s bed to the next while wearing the same gloves
3. CWashing hands with soap and water after leaving a C. difficile room
4. DRemoving gloves and then cleaning the hands with alcohol rub

A stable adult who is not bleeding receives one unit of packed red cells. By about how much is the hemoglobin expected to rise?

1. AAbout 1 g/dL (10 g/L)
2. BAbout 5 g/dL (50 g/L)
3. CAbout 0,1 g/dL (1 g/L)
4. DAbout 3 g/dL (30 g/L)

Four patients had a thyroidectomy earlier today. Which result should the nurse act on first?

1. ACalcium 7,2 mg/dL (1,8 mmol/L) with tingling lips
2. BHemoglobin 12,1 g/dL (121 g/L) after surgery
3. CGlucose 145 mg/dL (8,0 mmol/L) after surgery
4. DSodium 136 mEq/L on IV fluids after surgery

Bệnh nhân bệnh thận mạn thường nên hạn chế điều nào sau đây trong chế độ ăn?

1. AChỉ các vitamin tan trong nước
2. BKali và phosphate
3. CVitamin C và chất xơ
4. DHoàn toàn carbohydrate

A patient with a confirmed pulmonary embolism is started on anticoagulation. Which statement best explains its purpose?

1. AIt stops the clot growing and prevents new clots while the body breaks it down
2. BIt thins the blood so that the lungs absorb more oxygen
3. CIt dissolves the clot completely within minutes of the first dose being given
4. DIt is mainly given to lower the blood pressure

A patient on nasal cannula oxygen breathes mainly through the mouth. What is the most accurate statement?

1. AThe flow must be increased to 15 L/min to make it work at all
2. BIt can still work, because oxygen collects in the nasopharynx
3. CIt has no effect at all in mouth breathers and must be stopped
4. DThe cannula should be placed in the mouth

Ten days after cardiac surgery, a patient has a fever, a red sternal wound with discharge and a clicking feeling in the chest when coughing. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal wound healing with some expected discharge
2. BSternal wound infection with an unstable sternum
3. CPericarditis from the operation
4. DCostochondritis caused by forceful coughing

An older patient with a long-term catheter has bacteria in the urine but no symptoms. What is usually appropriate?

1. ANo antibiotics, as long as there are no symptoms
2. BA full course of antibiotics straight away
3. CRemove the catheter permanently at once
4. DAntibiotics for life to keep the urine sterile

A patient received IV insulin and glucose for hyperkalaemia an hour ago. What must the nurse monitor over the next few hours?

1. ACapillary glucose, for hypoglycaemia
2. BPupils, for raised intracranial pressure
3. CUrine colour, for blood in the urine
4. DSkin, for a drug rash

How should pancreatic enzyme replacement capsules usually be taken?

1. AOnce a day at bedtime
2. BOnly on days with abdominal pain
3. COne hour after meals, on an empty stomach
4. DWith every meal and snack

Một bệnh nhân bệnh não gan bồn chồn về đêm. Một benzodiazepine được đề nghị để ngủ. Điều dưỡng nên làm gì?

1. ACho thuốc, vì gan không ảnh hưởng thuốc an thần
2. BCho gấp đôi liều thường dùng để chắc chắn ngủ
3. CCho thuốc và ngừng lactulose để tránh tiêu chảy
4. DĐặt câu hỏi về y lệnh, vì thuốc an thần có thể làm bệnh não nặng hơn