Ưu tiên và ủy quyền kiểu NCLEX: gói ôn nước rút

A patient taking warfarin has an INR of 5,2 and no signs of bleeding. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the usual dose and recheck the INR next month
2. BHold the warfarin dose and inform the provider
3. CGive a double dose to correct the result
4. DEncourage the patient to take aspirin for pain

A patient on airborne precautions for suspected tuberculosis must go to the radiology department. What should the patient wear during transport?

1. ANothing, if the trip is short
2. BA fit-tested N95 respirator
3. CA surgical mask
4. DGloves and a gown only

Why is blood glucose control important around the time of surgery?

1. AGlucose levels only affect patients who have type 1 diabetes
2. BLow glucose is needed around surgery so that the wound edges close more quickly
3. CHigh glucose impairs white cell function and raises the risk of surgical site infection
4. DHigh glucose makes anesthetic drugs work for much longer and delays waking up

A patient restrained because of violent behavior is now calm, oriented and following instructions. What should the nurse do?

1. ARemove the restraints, because the reason for them has ended
2. BRemove one restraint each day to test the patient’s behavior
3. CKeep the restraints until the order expires
4. DKeep the restraints until the next provider visit

A patient taking furosemide has a potassium of 3,3 mEq/L and is told to eat more potassium-rich foods. Which snack is the best choice?

1. ADried apricots
2. BRice cakes
3. CPlain crackers
4. DWhite bread

A patient with cirrhosis and ascites has fever and abdominal tenderness. The ascitic fluid neutrophil count is 400 cells/mm³. What does this indicate?

1. ABleeding into the abdominal cavity
2. BSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis
3. CMalignant ascites from cancer
4. DNormal ascitic fluid in cirrhosis

Which group of features is typical of nephrotic syndrome?

1. APolyuria, thirst and weight loss
2. BSevere loin pain and fever
3. CHeavy proteinuria, low serum albumin and oedema
4. DBlood in the urine, high blood pressure and reduced urine output only

Đánh giá điều dưỡng nào giúp phát hiện tốt nhất sự xấu đi sớm ở bệnh nhân sau đại phẫu?

1. ATheo dõi đầy đủ các chỉ số đều đặn với điểm cảnh báo sớm và xem xét xu hướng
2. BĐo nhiệt độ một lần mỗi ngày
3. CChỉ kiểm tra vết mổ khi xuất viện
4. DChỉ hỏi bệnh nhân có thấy khỏe không

Shortly after a permanent pacemaker is inserted via the subclavian vein, the patient becomes breathless with reduced breath sounds on that side. What complication should be suspected?

1. APericarditis
2. BPneumothorax
3. CPulmonary oedema
4. DAsthma

Two days after a coronary stent, a patient on aspirin and ticagrelor has black, tarry stools and feels faint on standing. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a laxative and repeat the observations tomorrow
2. BStop both antiplatelet drugs permanently on the nurse's own decision
3. CCheck vital signs, report urgently and anticipate a blood count
4. DReassure the patient that iron tablets cause black stools

Trước khi tiêu huyết khối tĩnh mạch cho đột quỵ, giới hạn huyết áp nào thường được dùng?

1. ADưới khoảng 185/110 mmHg
2. BDưới khoảng 90/60 mmHg
3. CKhông có giới hạn huyết áp
4. DTrên khoảng 200/120 mmHg

After removal of a cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma, why may the patient need hydrocortisone for months?

1. AThe tumour will grow back quickly without it
2. BThe other adrenal gland has been suppressed
3. CThe operation always removes both adrenal glands
4. DHydrocortisone helps the wound to heal

Which task for a stable patient with an established ileostomy can usually be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ADeciding whether IV fluids are needed
2. BAssessing the stoma for signs of necrosis
3. CEmptying the pouch and measuring the output
4. DTeaching the patient about high-output risks

A nurse teaches a patient with a new ileostomy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll report if my output becomes very watery and high."
2. B"I'll watch for dizziness and dark urine."
3. C"I'll chew my food well to avoid blockages."
4. D"I'll drink less so my bag fills more slowly."