Phiếu bài tập Sinh học cho kỳ thi đầu vào điều dưỡng có đáp án

What does the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) do?

1. AIt cuts DNA at specific sequences
2. BIt makes many copies of a piece of DNA
3. CIt turns RNA into protein
4. DIt separates proteins by their charge

What is true of a recessive allele?

1. AIts trait shows whenever one copy is present
2. BIt is always harmful to the organism
3. CIt is found only on the X chromosome
4. DIts trait shows only when two copies are present

Bốn loại base nào có trong DNA?

1. AAlanine, thymine, glycine và cysteine
2. BAdenine, thymine, glucose và cytosine
3. CAdenine, uracil, guanine và cytosine
4. DAdenine, thymine, guanine và cytosine

Why do chromosomes condense into short, thick shapes before mitosis?

1. ASo they can be moved apart without tangling or breaking
2. BSo that genes can be transcribed more easily
3. CSo that they can leave through the nuclear pores
4. DSo that they can be copied more quickly

Which sequence describes the usual flow of genetic information in a cell?

1. ADNA to protein to RNA
2. BRNA to DNA to protein
3. CDNA to RNA to protein
4. DProtein to RNA to DNA

What does Mendel's law of segregation state?

1. AGenes on different chromosomes are always inherited together
2. BEach gamete receives both alleles of every gene
3. CThe two alleles of a gene separate so each gamete gets only one
4. DDominant alleles are more common in a population than recessive ones

In Tay-Sachs disease, a lysosomal enzyme does not work. What happens inside the affected nerve cells?

1. AThe DNA cannot be copied before division
2. BThe ribosomes stop making proteins
3. CThe cells can no longer make ATP in their mitochondria
4. DThe undigested substance builds up inside lysosomes

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a faulty CFTR protein, which forms a chloride channel in the cell membrane. Which process is directly affected?

1. ADiffusion of oxygen molecules through the lipid bilayer
2. BCopying of DNA in the nucleus
3. CProduction of ATP in the mitochondria
4. DMovement of chloride ions through a membrane protein