Phiếu bài tập Sinh học cho kỳ thi đầu vào điều dưỡng có đáp án

Gene là gì?

1. AMột đoạn DNA mã hóa cho một sản phẩm như protein
2. BToàn bộ bộ nhiễm sắc thể của một tế bào
3. CMột loại tế bào mang các tính trạng di truyền
4. DMột protein sao chép DNA trước khi tế bào phân chia

Ở người, những tế bào nào được tạo ra bằng giảm phân?

1. AHồng cầu trong tủy xương
2. BTế bào gan
3. CTế bào da
4. DTế bào trứng và tinh trùng

Which bonds hold the two strands of a DNA double helix together?

1. AHydrogen bonds between the bases
2. BDisulfide bonds between the bases
3. CIonic bonds between the phosphates
4. DPeptide bonds between the sugars

Red-green colour blindness is X-linked recessive. A colour-blind woman (XᵇXᵇ) has children with a man with normal colour vision (XᴮY). What fraction of their sons is expected to be colour-blind?

1. AOne quarter
2. BAll
3. CNone
4. DOne half

What is the function of the pores in the nuclear envelope?

1. AThey make ribosomal RNA for the cell
2. BThey attach the nucleus to the cell membrane
3. CThey let molecules such as mRNA pass in and out
4. DThey let chromosomes leave the nucleus to be copied

Why can small nonpolar molecules cross the cell membrane easily while ions cannot?

1. AThe bilayer's core is made of hydrophobic tails
2. BThe membrane is made mostly of long carbohydrate chains
3. CThe membrane carries a strong positive charge
4. DIons are larger than most membrane proteins

Cyanide stops mitochondria from making ATP. Which process in the affected cells would stop first?

1. AFacilitated diffusion of glucose down its gradient
2. BOsmosis of water across the membrane
3. CPumping of Na⁺ and K⁺ by the sodium-potassium pump
4. DSimple diffusion of oxygen into the cell

Why does the influenza vaccine need to be updated most years?

1. AAntibodies cannot be made against viruses
2. BInfluenza is caused by a different bacterium each year
3. CThe virus keeps changing its surface proteins through mutation
4. DThe vaccine damages the immune system after one year, so it must be repeated