Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng lâm sàng có đáp án

Đồng tử co nhỏ như đầu kim, thở chậm và buồn ngủ sau phẫu thuật nhiều khả năng gợi ý:

1. AChỉ tăng áp lực nội sọ
2. BMất nước
3. CHạ đường huyết
4. DNgộ độc opioid

Công cụ nào được dùng để đánh giá nguy cơ phát triển loét tỳ đè của bệnh nhân?

1. AThang điểm hôn mê Glasgow
2. BĐiểm Apgar
3. CThang Braden hoặc Waterlow
4. DTrắc nghiệm trạng thái tâm thần tối thiểu (MMSE)

On an ECG, what does the P wave represent?

1. AVentricular depolarisation
2. BClosure of the heart valves
3. CVentricular repolarisation
4. DAtrial depolarisation

A patient's low potassium does not improve despite potassium replacement. Which other electrolyte should be checked?

1. AMagnesium
2. BSodium
3. CPhosphate
4. DChloride

A patient with Guillain–Barré syndrome has weakness spreading upwards from the legs. Which monitoring is most important?

1. AVisual acuity
2. BBreathing function, such as forced vital capacity
3. CWeekly weight
4. DBlood glucose, measured once a day before breakfast

Which is a first-line nursing measure to help prevent constipation in hospital?

1. AGiving an enema to every patient on admission
2. BRestricting fluids to reduce urine output
3. CKeeping the patient in bed
4. DEncouraging fluids, fibre and mobility

A patient has a single hot, swollen, very painful knee and a fever. Why is urgent joint aspiration important?

1. ATo check for rheumatoid arthritis antibodies in the joint fluid
2. BTo measure the patient's cholesterol
3. CTo prevent osteoporosis
4. DTo rule out septic arthritis, which can rapidly destroy the joint

A patient with long-standing COPD has an arterial blood gas with pH 7,37, a raised PaCO₂ and a raised bicarbonate. How is this best described?

1. AMixed metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
2. BCompensated respiratory acidosis
3. CAcute respiratory acidosis
4. DUncompensated metabolic alkalosis