Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng lâm sàng có đáp án

Vì sao bệnh nhân được khuyến khích xuống giường sớm sau phẫu thuật?

1. AĐể vết thương lành mà không cần khâu
2. BĐể rút ngắn tác dụng an thần của thuốc gây mê toàn thân
3. CĐể tăng huyết áp vĩnh viễn
4. DĐể giảm nguy cơ cục máu đông và nhiễm trùng ngực

What does "orthopnoea" mean?

1. ABreathlessness only during exercise
2. BBreathlessness when lying flat
3. CA pause in breathing during sleep
4. DBreathing that is abnormally slow

Anaemia means:

1. AA higher than normal white cell count
2. BA lower than normal haemoglobin level
3. CA low platelet count
4. DA raised blood glucose level

Which is the correct technique for using a metered-dose inhaler without a spacer?

1. APress the canister and wait one minute before breathing in
2. BBreathe in quickly through the nose while pressing the canister
3. CPress the canister twice quickly, then breathe in fast and breathe straight out again
4. DBreathe out, then breathe in slowly and deeply while pressing the canister, then hold

Why is an ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before applying compression bandages to a leg ulcer?

1. ATo check for a urinary tract infection that could delay ulcer healing
2. BTo exclude significant arterial disease, as compression could cut off blood flow
3. CTo work out the patient's fluid needs
4. DTo measure how deep the ulcer is and how much exudate it produces

Why is lactulose given to a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?

1. ATo stop bleeding from varices
2. BTo reduce the absorption of ammonia from the gut
3. CTo lower the blood glucose
4. DTo increase the liver's production of albumin

A patient has a blood pressure of 220/130 mmHg with headache, confusion and visual disturbance. Why is the blood pressure lowered in a controlled way rather than as fast as possible?

1. AA sudden drop can reduce blood flow to the brain, heart and kidneys
2. BRapid lowering always causes the hypertension to come back much worse
3. CRapid lowering causes hyperglycaemia
4. DBlood pressure cannot be lowered with drugs

A patient with known cirrhosis suddenly vomits large amounts of bright red blood and becomes tachycardic. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA Mallory-Weiss tear from a small amount of vomiting
2. BBleeding from ruptured oesophageal varices
3. CA lower GI bleed from diverticular disease
4. DSwallowed blood from a nosebleed