Phiếu bài tập Điều dưỡng lâm sàng có đáp án

What is the usual normal range for serum sodium in adults (in mmol/L, numerically equal to mEq/L)?

1. A95–105 mmol/L
2. B2,2–2,6 mmol/L
3. C135–145 mmol/L
4. D3,5–5,0 mmol/L

What is a transient ischaemic attack (TIA)?

1. AA permanent stroke caused by bleeding into the brain
2. BShort-lived stroke-like symptoms that resolve completely
3. CA heart attack affecting the brain
4. DA type of migraine with no risk of stroke

Mục tiêu độ bão hòa oxy (SpO₂) thông thường cho hầu hết người lớn bệnh cấp tính không có nguy cơ tăng CO2 máu là bao nhiêu?

1. A80–84%
2. B100% mọi lúc
3. C94–98%
4. D88–92% cho tất cả mọi người

Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?

1. AMild burning on passing urine only
2. BFever, rigors and loin pain
3. CFrequency without any pain
4. DCloudy urine with no other symptoms

Why are patients encouraged to use an incentive spirometer after abdominal surgery?

1. ATo lower their heart rate before mobilising
2. BTo encourage deep breaths that prevent atelectasis and chest infection
3. CTo strengthen the abdominal muscles around the wound
4. DTo measure their lung function so the result can go in the discharge letter

How is Helicobacter pylori infection usually treated?

1. AA combination of antibiotics with a proton pump inhibitor
2. BAntacids alone, taken after every meal for a month
3. CSurgery to remove the stomach
4. DA single dose of paracetamol and a bland diet for a week

During CPR for asystole, when should adrenaline (epinephrine) be given according to standard adult guidelines?

1. AOnly once the patient has a pulse again
2. BNever, because asystole is not treated with drugs
3. COnly after three shocks have been delivered by the defibrillator
4. DAs soon as IV or IO access is obtained, then every 3–5 minutes

A patient with stress incontinence is taught self-care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll try to lose some weight if I can."
2. B"I'll cut down on caffeine."
3. C"I'll drink as little as possible so I don't leak."
4. D"I'll do my pelvic floor exercises every day."