Phiếu bài tập Kiểm soát nhiễm khuẩn và an toàn người bệnh có đáp án

Một bệnh nhân nghi viêm màng não do não mô cầu (Neisseria meningitidis). Áp dụng loại phòng ngừa nào?

1. AChỉ phòng ngừa chuẩn
2. BPhòng ngừa lây truyền qua không khí
3. CChỉ phòng ngừa tiếp xúc
4. DPhòng ngừa giọt bắn

A blood test shows a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). What does this mean?

1. AThe person has never been exposed to hepatitis B
2. BThe person has hepatitis A infection
3. CThe person is immune from vaccination
4. DThe person currently has hepatitis B infection

Malaria is passed to people through the bite of an infected mosquito. Which mode of transmission is this?

1. AVector-borne transmission
2. BDirect contact transmission
3. CDroplet transmission
4. DAirborne transmission

Which measure reduces errors caused by interruptions during medication preparation?

1. AAnswering phone calls and pages while counting tablets, to save time
2. BA quiet “no interruption” zone or signal while preparing medications
3. CPreparing medications for all patients at once
4. DPreparing medications at the busiest place on the ward

A confused patient keeps pulling at an IV line. Which is a less restrictive option to consider before wrist restraints?

1. AGiving a sedative every few hours
2. BCovering the site with a sleeve or using hand mitts with supervision
3. CUsing a vest restraint in the chair so that the patient’s hands stay down
4. DTying both arms to the bed frame

Vì sao không bao giờ được dùng bút tiêm insulin cho nhiều hơn một bệnh nhân, dù đã thay kim mới?

1. AMáu có thể chảy ngược vào ống thuốc và lây nhiễm
2. BDùng chung bút làm thay đổi liều được phân phối
3. CInsulin trong bút sẽ hết hạn nhanh hơn khi dùng chung
4. DMỗi bút chỉ chứa một liều insulin

Several patients arrive with suspected inhalational anthrax after a deliberate release. Which precautions are needed for their care?

1. AStandard precautions, because it is not spread from person to person
2. BDroplet precautions with surgical masks
3. CAirborne precautions in negative-pressure rooms, because spores are inhaled
4. DContact precautions with gowns and gloves

A responsive 6-month-old infant is choking and cannot cry or cough. What should the rescuer do?

1. AGive back blows and chest thrusts in turn
2. BTurn the infant upside down and shake gently
3. CDo a blind finger sweep of the mouth
4. DGive abdominal thrusts as for an adult