Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 135–145 mEq/L
2. BAbout 22–28 mEq/L
3. CAbout 3,5–5,0 mEq/L
4. DAbout 98–106 mEq/L

Which statement about HDL cholesterol is correct?

1. AHigher levels are linked to a lower risk of heart disease
2. BIt should ideally be kept below 40 mg/dL (1,0 mmol/L)
3. CHigher levels are the main cause of plaque in the arteries
4. DIt is the same as the fasting triglyceride level

Which ECG change is linked to hypercalcemia?

1. ATall, peaked T waves
2. BProminent U waves
3. CA prolonged QT interval
4. DA shortened QT interval

A patient has weight loss, tremor and heat intolerance. Which thyroid test pattern fits Graves disease?

1. AHigh TSH with a normal free T₄
2. BNormal TSH with a low free T₄
3. CHigh TSH with a low free T₄
4. DLow TSH with a high free T₄

A patient scheduled for surgery this morning has a potassium of 3,0 mEq/L on pre-operative tests. What should the nurse do?

1. ASend the patient to surgery without comment
2. BGive an oral potassium dose without a prescription
3. CReport it to the surgical team before surgery
4. DRepeat the test after the surgery is finished

A test has very high sensitivity for a disease. What does a negative result mean?

1. AThe result cannot be used, because sensitivity is high
2. BThe disease is certain, so treatment should begin
3. CThe disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
4. DThe patient must have a different disease instead

A patient's potassium is 7,2 mEq/L, and the monitor shows wide QRS complexes. Several treatments are prescribed. Which should be given first?

1. AUrgent hemodialysis session
2. BIV calcium gluconate (or chloride)
3. CAn oral potassium binder dose
4. DIV furosemide (a loop diuretic)

Kết quả aPTT rất cao, nhưng điều dưỡng biết mẫu máu được lấy từ cánh tay đang truyền heparin. Hành động tốt nhất là gì?

1. ADùng protamine ngay để đảo ngược tác dụng heparin
2. BYêu cầu lấy mẫu mới từ cánh tay bên kia trước khi chỉnh liều
3. CChấp nhận kết quả và giảm một nửa tốc độ truyền
4. DNgừng hẳn truyền heparin và báo cho bác sĩ