Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

What is a typical adult reference range for serum bicarbonate (total CO₂) on a metabolic panel?

1. AAbout 8–12 mEq/L
2. BAbout 98–106 mEq/L
3. CAbout 35–45 mEq/L
4. DAbout 22–28 mEq/L

A tuberculin skin test (TST) is read as positive. What does this mean?

1. AThe person has been infected with TB bacteria at some point
2. BThe person is fully immune and can never develop TB
3. CThe person definitely has active, contagious pulmonary TB
4. DThe person has never been exposed to TB bacteria

An eGFR below which value indicates stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. A60 mL/min/1,73 m²
2. B15 mL/min/1,73 m²
3. C45 mL/min/1,73 m²
4. D90 mL/min/1,73 m²

How should a blood sample for serum ammonia be handled?

1. AKept warm and sent with the next routine batch
2. BShaken firmly to mix it before it is sent away
3. CPlaced on ice and sent to the laboratory at once
4. DLeft at room temperature for several hours first

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia started oral iron. Which result is usually the earliest sign that treatment is working?

1. AA fall in the white cell count
2. BA rise in the reticulocyte count
3. CA rise in the platelet count
4. DA fall in the mean cell volume (MCV)

A patient on a heparin infusion has blood in the urine and an aPTT far above the target. The nurse stops the infusion and informs the provider. Which antidote should the nurse anticipate?

1. AVitamin K (phytonadione)
2. BProtamine sulfate
3. CCalcium gluconate
4. DNaloxone

A patient with diabetes had a glucose of 58 mg/dL (3,2 mmol/L), took 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate and, 15 minutes later, the glucose is 64 mg/dL (3,6 mmol/L). The patient is alert. What should the nurse do next?

1. AGive a protein snack only and recheck tomorrow
2. BGive another 15 g of fast carbohydrate and recheck
3. CWait until the next meal before giving anything
4. DGive a long-acting insulin dose to stabilize it

A patient's total calcium is 7,6 mg/dL and the albumin is 2,0 g/dL. Using the common correction (add 0,8 mg/dL for each 1 g/dL that albumin is below 4,0), what is the corrected calcium?

1. A9,2 mg/dL, within the normal range
2. B11,6 mg/dL, above the normal range
3. C7,6 mg/dL, below the normal range
4. D6,0 mg/dL, well below the normal range