Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

What does the reticulocyte count measure?

1. AOld red blood cells that are being removed by the spleen
2. BYoung red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
3. CPlatelets that are larger than normal in size
4. DImmature white blood cells released during infection

What does a raised D-dimer level show?

1. AThe patient is taking too much warfarin
2. BFibrin clots are being formed and broken down in the body
3. CThe liver is no longer able to make clotting factors
4. DThe platelet count is too low to stop bleeding

What is a typical adult reference range for total serum bilirubin?

1. AAbout 3–12 mg/dL (51–205 µmol/L)
2. BAbout 0,03–0,1 mg/dL (0,5–1,7 µmol/L)
3. CAbout 10–20 mg/dL (171–342 µmol/L)
4. DAbout 0,3–1,2 mg/dL (5–21 µmol/L)

A stool test for Clostridioides difficile is ordered. Which sample is appropriate?

1. AA formed, hard stool sample
2. BAny stool after a laxative dose
3. CAn unformed (liquid or soft) stool
4. DA rectal swab from a patient with constipation

When should a blood sample for a digoxin level be drawn to be interpreted correctly?

1. AAt least 6–8 hours after a dose, often just before the next one
2. BWithin 30 minutes after an oral dose to show the peak level
3. COnly after a meal, because food is needed for absorption
4. DAt any time, because digoxin levels do not change during the day

A breathless patient in the emergency department has a BNP below 100 pg/mL. What does this suggest?

1. ASevere heart failure is certainly the cause of the problem
2. BThe kidneys are failing and the patient needs dialysis
3. CThe patient has had a myocardial infarction in the past day
4. DHeart failure is an unlikely cause of the breathlessness

Một người bệnh có bệnh phổi lâu năm có bicarbonate huyết thanh 32 mEq/L, PaCO₂ động mạch luôn cao và pH 7,36. Tình trạng nào phù hợp nhất?

1. ATiêu chảy cấp nặng mất nhiều bicarbonate
2. BCOPD với ứ CO₂ mạn tính và bù trừ chuyển hóa
3. CNhiễm toan ceton đái tháo đường cấp với mất nước nặng và nôn
4. DQuá liều aspirin cấp với thở nhanh

A patient taking an SGLT2 inhibitor has nausea and fast breathing. Glucose 190 mg/dL (10,5 mmol/L), pH 7,15, bicarbonate 10 mEq/L, blood ketones high. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. AHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
2. BEuglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis
3. CSimple fasting ketosis only
4. DRespiratory acidosis from COPD