Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

In a person with HIV infection, a CD4 count below which level defines AIDS?

1. A1,000 cells/µL
2. B500 cells/µL
3. C50 cells/µL
4. D200 cells/µL

Chronic kidney disease is usually defined by an eGFR below which value for more than 3 months?

1. A60 mL/min/1,73 m²
2. B15 mL/min/1,73 m²
3. C90 mL/min/1,73 m²
4. D120 mL/min/1,73 m²

Which sample is commonly used to screen a patient for MRSA carriage on admission?

1. AA swab from the front of the nose
2. BA sample of stool sent for culture
3. CA blood culture from one arm
4. DA clean-catch midstream urine sample

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
2. BThe sodium can rise too quickly
3. CThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply
4. DThe sodium always falls further

Which IV fluid can be given through the same line as a red cell transfusion?

1. A0,9% sodium chloride
2. B0,45% sodium chloride
3. C5% dextrose in water
4. DLactated Ringer's (Hartmann's) solution

A urine culture is ordered for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. How should the nurse collect the sample?

1. APour urine from the drainage bag into a sterile cup
2. BRemove the catheter and culture the catheter tip
3. CAspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
4. DDisconnect the catheter from the tubing and let it drain

A patient without symptoms has a TSH of 7,5 mIU/L on two occasions with a normal free T₄. Which term fits best?

1. ASubclinical hypothyroidism
2. BOvert primary hypothyroidism
3. CSubclinical hyperthyroidism
4. DSecondary hypothyroidism

A patient with severe hypertriglyceridemia has a measured sodium of 128 mEq/L, but a measured serum osmolality is normal, and the patient has no symptoms. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AHyponatremia caused by drinking far too much water
2. BPseudohyponatremia, an artifact caused by very high lipids
3. CHyponatremia caused by severe hyperglycemia in diabetes
4. DTrue hyponatremia from SIADH that needs fluid restriction