Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

Xét nghiệm gan nào tăng chủ yếu khi tế bào gan bị tổn thương?

1. ANitơ urê máu (BUN)
2. BCreatine kinase (CK)
3. CALT (alanine aminotransferase)
4. DHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)

Thrombocytopenia is usually defined as a platelet count below:

1. A1,000 × 10³/µL (1,000 × 10⁹/L)
2. B450 × 10³/µL (450 × 10⁹/L)
3. C15 × 10³/µL (15 × 10⁹/L)
4. D150 × 10³/µL (150 × 10⁹/L)

In many US nursing references, what is the commonly cited therapeutic range for serum lithium in maintenance therapy?

1. AAbout 10–20 mEq/L
2. BAbout 2,0–3,0 mEq/L
3. CAbout 0,6–1,2 mEq/L
4. DAbout 3,5–5,0 mEq/L

On the first day after major surgery, a patient's white cell count is 12,5 × 10³/µL, with no fever or wound signs. What is the best interpretation?

1. ADefinite wound infection that needs antibiotics now
2. BA sign of leukemia that needs bone marrow testing
3. CA laboratory error, since surgery lowers white cells
4. DA common stress response to surgery that is monitored

After surgery for colon cancer, a patient's CEA had fallen to normal, but it has been rising over the last two checks. What does this most likely suggest?

1. APossible recurrence that needs further assessment
2. BA sure sign that the cancer has been fully cured
3. CA normal change after surgery that needs no follow-up
4. DA sign of iron deficiency from the earlier bleeding

Một người bệnh đến giờ dùng digoxin có kali 3,1 mEq/L. Vì sao kết quả này quan trọng?

1. AKali thấp bảo vệ tim khỏi tác dụng phụ của digoxin
2. BKali và digoxin không tương tác
3. CKali thấp làm tăng nguy cơ ngộ độc digoxin
4. DKali thấp làm digoxin mất tác dụng, nên cần gấp đôi liều

A patient with heavy alcohol use and a poor diet has a hemoglobin of 10,1 g/dL (101 g/L), an MCV of 110 fL and a low red cell folate. Which explanation fits best?

1. AAnemia caused by long-standing chronic kidney disease
2. BFolate deficiency, made worse by a direct alcohol effect
3. CThalassemia trait inherited from one of the parents
4. DIron deficiency from slow, chronic bleeding in the gut

A patient on lithium has had vomiting and diarrhea for 3 days and has been taking ibuprofen. They now have a coarse tremor and confusion. The lithium level is 2,2 mEq/L. What is the best interpretation and action?

1. AIbuprofen side effects only; give it with food
2. BA low level; ask for the lithium dose to be raised
3. CLithium toxicity; hold lithium and report urgently
4. DA normal level; continue lithium as prescribed