Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

A low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) means that:

1. AThe red cells are larger than normal (macrocytic)
2. BThe red cells contain more hemoglobin than normal
3. CThe bone marrow is making too many white cells
4. DThe red cells are smaller than normal (microcytic)

Chronic kidney disease is usually defined by an eGFR below which value for more than 3 months?

1. A15 mL/min/1,73 m²
2. B90 mL/min/1,73 m²
3. C120 mL/min/1,73 m²
4. D60 mL/min/1,73 m²

Using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, which HbA1c range is classed as prediabetes?

1. A4,0–5,6% (20–38 mmol/mol)
2. B5,7–6,4% (39–47 mmol/mol)
3. C6,5–7,5% (48–58 mmol/mol)
4. D8,0–9,0% (64–75 mmol/mol)

A patient with hepatic encephalopathy is receiving lactulose. Which finding best shows that the treatment is effective?

1. AA rising serum ammonia with a slower flapping tremor
2. BSix to eight watery stools a day with dizziness
3. CTwo to three soft stools a day and clearer thinking
4. DNo bowel movement for 2 days and calm sleep

A urine culture report states "mixed growth of three organisms, likely contamination." What is the nurse's best response?

1. ARecord the result as a confirmed urinary tract infection
2. BDiscard the report, because a mixed growth is always normal
3. CStart treatment for all three organisms with three antibiotics
4. DInform the provider and arrange a new, correctly collected sample

A patient has a calcium of 11,8 mg/dL (2,95 mmol/L) from bone metastases. Which nursing measure is appropriate?

1. AEncourage bed rest and limit oral fluids
2. BGive calcium carbonate antacids for nausea
3. CEncourage fluids and mobility as tolerated
4. DOffer extra milk and cheese at each meal

A patient with a round face, central weight gain and purple stretch marks has a glucose of 210 mg/dL (11,7 mmol/L) and a potassium of 3,1 mEq/L. Which condition fits best?

1. ACushing syndrome
2. BDiabetes insipidus
3. CAdrenal insufficiency
4. DHypothyroidism

A patient with a stable INR on warfarin starts rifampin (rifampicin) for tuberculosis. Two weeks later the INR is 1,3. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ATuberculosis causes the INR to fall
2. BRifampin speeds up warfarin metabolism
3. CRifampin raises the INR, so it is wrong
4. DRifampin contains a lot of vitamin K