Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

Which blood marker is the most specific for injury to the heart muscle?

1. ACardiac troponin
2. BLactate dehydrogenase
3. CSerum myoglobin
4. DTotal creatine kinase

Why is glucose normally absent from the urine?

1. AThe bladder lining breaks down any glucose that reaches the urine
2. BGlucose is changed into ketones before it reaches the urine
3. CThe glomeruli do not filter glucose out of the blood at any level
4. DThe tubules reabsorb all filtered glucose at normal blood levels

What is a typical reference range for the prothrombin time (PT) in a person not taking anticoagulants?

1. AAbout 3–5 minutes
2. BAbout 2–4 seconds
3. CAbout 11–13,5 seconds
4. DAbout 60–90 seconds

A patient has taken a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) for many years and now has muscle cramps and tremor. Which electrolyte is most likely to be low?

1. APhosphate
2. BSodium
3. CChloride
4. DMagnesium

An older adult with chronic kidney disease takes glyburide (glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea) and has repeated low glucose readings. Why is this a concern?

1. AThe drug stops working entirely when the kidneys fail
2. BThe drug makes the glucose meter read falsely low
3. CThe drug and its metabolites build up and cause long lows
4. DThe drug causes high potassium that lowers the glucose

A tired patient with heavy menstrual periods has a normal hemoglobin and MCV but a ferritin of 8 ng/mL. What does this show?

1. AIron deficiency without anemia yet
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CA completely normal iron status
4. DIron overload from too much iron

Canxi toàn phần của người bệnh là 7,9 mg/dL (2,0 mmol/L), albumin 2,4 g/dL (24 g/L) và không có triệu chứng. Xét nghiệm nào làm rõ tốt nhất liệu có hạ canxi máu thực sự hay không?

1. AHbA1c
2. BNatri huyết thanh
3. CTỷ trọng nước tiểu
4. DCanxi ion hóa

A patient has a hematocrit of 60% and a raised red cell mass. Which result suggests polycythemia vera rather than secondary polycythemia from chronic hypoxia?

1. AA high carboxyhemoglobin
2. BA low erythropoietin level
3. CA low oxygen saturation
4. DA high erythropoietin level