Phiếu bài tập Giá trị xét nghiệm và điện giải có đáp án

Which substance contributes most to normal serum osmolality?

1. AGlucose in plasma
2. BUrea (from BUN)
3. CPlasma albumin
4. DSodium and its anions

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 135–145 mEq/L
2. BAbout 98–106 mEq/L
3. CAbout 3,5–5,0 mEq/L
4. DAbout 22–28 mEq/L

Khoảng tham chiếu điển hình ở người lớn của nitơ urê máu (BUN) là bao nhiêu?

1. AKhoảng 70–99 mg/dL (urê 25–35 mmol/L)
2. BKhoảng 0,6–1,2 mg/dL (urê 0,2–0,4 mmol/L)
3. CKhoảng 7–20 mg/dL (urê 2,5–7,1 mmol/L)
4. DKhoảng 135–145 mg/dL (urê 48–52 mmol/L)

A urine culture is ordered for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. How should the nurse collect the sample?

1. APour urine from the drainage bag into a sterile cup
2. BRemove the catheter and culture the catheter tip
3. CAspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
4. DDisconnect the catheter from the tubing and let it drain

A patient takes high-dose furosemide. Besides potassium, which electrolyte is most commonly lowered?

1. APhosphate
2. BMagnesium
3. CSodium bicarbonate
4. DUric acid

When should the nurse check the glucose before giving a mealtime dose of rapid-acting insulin (such as lispro)?

1. AAt bedtime only, then giving the mealtime insulin overnight
2. BJust before the meal, giving insulin when the food is ready
3. COnly once a day, then giving the same dose before every meal
4. DTwo hours after the meal, then giving the insulin dose

A patient receiving parenteral nutrition with lipid emulsion has a triglyceride level of 620 mg/dL (7,0 mmol/L). Why is this result important?

1. AIt raises the risk of acute pancreatitis
2. BIt is a normal fasting value for adults
3. CIt shows the nutrition is fully effective
4. DIt means the patient needs more lipid

A patient's potassium is 7,2 mEq/L, and the monitor shows wide QRS complexes. Several treatments are prescribed. Which should be given first?

1. AUrgent hemodialysis session
2. BIV calcium gluconate (or chloride)
3. CAn oral potassium binder dose
4. DIV furosemide (a loop diuretic)