Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

1. A6,80–7,00
2. B7,50–7,65
3. C7,35–7,45
4. D7,00–7,20

Dấu hiệu nào điển hình nhất của suy tim phải?

1. AChỉ khó thở khi nằm phẳng
2. BPhù ở vùng thấp và tăng áp lực tĩnh mạch cảnh
3. CThức giấc ban đêm vì nghẹt thở
4. DĐờm bọt hồng và ran nổ nhỏ ở hai đáy phổi

When is pneumonia classed as hospital-acquired?

1. AWhen the patient had symptoms before admission
2. BOnly when it is caused by a virus
3. CWhen it starts within the first hour after admission
4. DWhen it starts 48 hours or more after admission

Why are beta-blockers often started after a myocardial infarction?

1. AThey lower the heart's oxygen demand and reduce arrhythmias
2. BThey raise the heart rate to improve blood flow to the muscle
3. CThey reduce cholesterol in the blood
4. DThey dissolve the clot that is blocking the coronary artery

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. APotassium has no link with either medicine
2. BHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
3. CLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
4. DLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity

A patient's blood pressure is 120/60 mmHg. What is the approximate mean arterial pressure?

1. A100 mmHg
2. B80 mmHg
3. C90 mmHg
4. D60 mmHg

A patient with life-threatening asthma has not responded to repeated nebulised salbutamol (albuterol), ipratropium and steroids. Which drug is commonly given intravenously next?

1. AMorphine
2. BMagnesium sulfate
3. CIntravenous furosemide
4. DMetoprolol

During drainage of a large pleural effusion, a patient starts coughing and feels tight in the chest. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop or clamp the drainage and inform the doctor
2. BAsk the patient to cough harder to help the flow
3. CLie the patient flat until the drainage is complete
4. DSpeed up the drainage to finish quickly