Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

What is the correct first aid for an adult with a nosebleed?

1. ABlow the nose hard to clear the clots
2. BTilt the head back and pinch the bony bridge of the nose firmly
3. CLie flat on the back with the head turned to one side for an hour
4. DSit forward and pinch the soft part of the nose for 10–15 minutes

Which of these is a common allergic trigger of asthma?

1. AEating rice
2. BDrinking water
3. CWearing cotton clothes
4. DHouse dust mite

Which cardiac arrest rhythms are shockable?

1. AVentricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
2. BAtrial fibrillation and atrial flutter
3. CAsystole and pulseless electrical activity with a slow rate
4. DSinus rhythm and sinus tachycardia with a normal pulse

A patient taking isosorbide mononitrate asks about sildenafil for erectile dysfunction. What is the main danger?

1. AA very high potassium level
2. BSevere hypotension
3. CSevere hypertension
4. DBleeding from the gums

Which investigation is most often used to confirm a pulmonary embolism?

1. APeak flow measurement
2. BCT pulmonary angiography
3. CSputum culture
4. DAbdominal ultrasound

A patient's ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI) is 0,6. What does this suggest?

1. AStiff, calcified arteries that read falsely high
2. BNormal leg circulation
3. CSignificant peripheral arterial disease
4. DA deep vein thrombosis

A day after a myocardial infarction, a patient has frequent ventricular ectopic beats on the monitor. Which blood results should be checked first?

1. AAlbumin and bilirubin
2. BPotassium and magnesium
3. CFerritin and vitamin B₁₂
4. DAmylase and lipase

A patient has sudden severe chest pain spreading to the back between the shoulder blades. Which finding most supports aortic dissection rather than myocardial infarction?

1. AA heart rate of 104/min and a respiratory rate of 22/min
2. BSweating, nausea and pallor that started with the pain
3. CA large difference in blood pressure between the arms
4. DPain that started at rest