Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

Which muscle does most of the work of quiet breathing?

1. AThe sternocleidomastoid
2. BThe diaphragm
3. CThe abdominal muscles
4. DThe trapezius

What is cor pulmonale?

1. AInfection of the heart valves
2. BInflammation of the lining around the heart
3. CRight-sided heart failure caused by lung disease
4. DLeft-sided heart failure caused by a heart attack

Which three signs make up Beck's triad in cardiac tamponade?

1. AFever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages under the nails
2. BChest pain, ST elevation and raised troponin
3. CLow blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds
4. DHigh blood pressure, a slow pulse and irregular breathing

Which ECG finding is typical of atrial flutter?

1. AWide, bizarre QRS complexes at 180/min
2. BA chaotic baseline with no clear P waves and irregular QRS
3. CRegular sawtooth flutter waves between QRS complexes
4. DP waves with no relationship to the QRS complexes

How big should a suction catheter be compared with the tracheostomy or endotracheal tube?

1. AAny size, as the diameter does not matter
2. BExactly the same diameter as the tube, for a tight fit
3. CNo more than half the internal diameter of the tube
4. DLarger than the tube, so that it clears it completely

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo allow the use of a lower battery charge
2. BTo make the shock less painful for the patient
3. CTo keep the pads from burning the skin
4. DTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave

A 25-year-old non-smoker has wheeze and cough that come and go, worse at night and after exercise. Spirometry improves markedly after a bronchodilator. Which diagnosis is most likely?

1. AIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
2. BHeart failure
3. CAsthma
4. DCOPD

Sau thông tim qua động mạch quay, đánh giá nào quan trọng nhất?

1. ATuần hoàn, cảm giác và vận động của bàn tay, và vị trí chọc
2. BTỷ trọng nước tiểu mỗi bốn giờ
3. CNhu động ruột và vòng bụng mỗi giờ sau thủ thuật
4. DKích thước đồng tử và phản xạ ánh sáng mỗi 15 phút