Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

What is the "calf muscle pump"?

1. AA device that inflates around the calf during surgery to warm the leg
2. BCalf muscles squeezing the deep veins to push blood towards the heart
3. CA heart valve that pumps blood into the legs
4. DThe artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the muscles of the calf

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

1. A7,35–7,45
2. B6,80–7,00
3. C7,50–7,65
4. D7,00–7,20

Which cardiac arrest rhythms are shockable?

1. ASinus rhythm and sinus tachycardia with a normal pulse
2. BAsystole and pulseless electrical activity with a slow rate
3. CVentricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
4. DAtrial fibrillation and atrial flutter

Why must anti-embolism stockings be measured and fitted correctly?

1. ATight stockings work better, so the smallest size is always best
2. BCorrect fit is needed only to improve the appearance
3. CLoose stockings make the patient's legs too warm at night
4. DPoorly fitting stockings can cause pressure damage

How should a patient with asthma record their peak flow at home?

1. ATake one gentle blow once a week, at any time of day
2. BBlow only during an asthma attack, never when well
3. CTake the average of ten blows after exercise
4. DTake the best of three blows, ideally morning and evening

Which feature of a COPD exacerbation most suggests that antibiotics are needed?

1. AAn increase in purulent (green or yellow) sputum
2. BA mild sore throat that lasted for one day only
3. CA dry, tickly cough with no sputum at all for a day
4. DA clear runny nose

A patient's blood gas shows pH 7,26, PaCO₂ 9,0 kPa (68 mmHg) and bicarbonate 25 mmol/L. What does this show?

1. AMetabolic acidosis with compensation
2. BAcute respiratory acidosis
3. CMetabolic alkalosis
4. DRespiratory alkalosis

A nurse teaches a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will tell my dentist that I take warfarin."
2. B"If I miss a dose, I will take two the next day."
3. C"I will check before taking any new medicines or herbal remedies."
4. D"I will have regular INR blood tests."