Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tim mạch và hô hấp có đáp án

What does the term "hypoxaemia" mean?

1. AA low level of haemoglobin in the blood
2. BA low level of oxygen in the arterial blood
3. CA fast breathing rate with normal oxygen
4. DA high level of carbon dioxide in the blood

What defines type 2 respiratory failure?

1. ANormal PaO₂ with a low PaCO₂
2. BLow PaO₂ with a normal or low PaCO₂
3. CLow PaO₂ with a raised PaCO₂
4. DHigh PaO₂ with a high bicarbonate

During manual blood pressure measurement, what does the first clear tapping sound (Korotkoff phase 1) mark?

1. AThe mean arterial pressure
2. BThe systolic pressure
3. CThe pulse pressure
4. DThe diastolic pressure

A patient in cardiac rehabilitation asks how hard to exercise. Which simple guide is commonly taught?

1. AExercise so they are a little breathless but can still talk
2. BExercise until they are too breathless to speak at all
3. CExercise only until the heart rate rises even slightly
4. DExercise until chest pain starts, then stop

A nurse measures blood pressure on a large upper arm using a cuff that is too small. What effect will this have?

1. AThe reading will be falsely low
2. BOnly the pulse rate will be affected
3. CThe reading will be accurate but slower
4. DThe reading will be falsely high

A patient is going home with a 24-hour Holter monitor. Which instruction is most important?

1. ARemove the monitor whenever symptoms occur and restart it
2. BKeep a diary of symptoms and activities with the times
3. CShower as normal with the monitor on
4. DStay in bed for the full 24 hours so the trace is clear

A patient with life-threatening asthma has not responded to repeated nebulised salbutamol (albuterol), ipratropium and steroids. Which drug is commonly given intravenously next?

1. AIntravenous furosemide
2. BMorphine
3. CMagnesium sulfate
4. DMetoprolol

Vào ngày thứ 6 truyền heparin, số lượng tiểu cầu giảm hơn một nửa và bệnh nhân có cánh tay sưng mới. Điều dưỡng nên dự đoán điều gì?

1. ATiếp tục heparin và truyền tiểu cầu
2. BNgừng toàn bộ heparin và bắt đầu thuốc chống đông không phải heparin
3. CNgừng mọi thuốc chống đông trong hai tuần
4. DChuyển sang heparin trọng lượng phân tử thấp vì đó là thuốc khác