Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Which feature is typical of an arterial leg ulcer?

1. AA painful, punched-out wound on a cold, pale foot
2. BA blister on the heel with plenty of hair growth
3. CA shallow, wet wound around the ankle with warm, swollen skin
4. DA painless wound on the shin with normal pulses

What does black tissue in a wound bed usually indicate?

1. ANew epithelial cells
2. BNormal blood clot from a fresh cut
3. CNecrotic (dead) tissue
4. DHealthy granulation tissue

Which signs suggest a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. AA painless rash on both shins
2. BItching between the toes of both feet
3. CSwelling, pain, warmth and redness of one calf
4. DCold, pale feet on both sides with no pulse

Which risk is particularly linked with tramadol?

1. AHigh blood pressure that needs emergency treatment in most patients
2. BRapid liver failure at normal doses
3. CSevere stomach ulcers in all patients
4. DSerotonin syndrome with some antidepressants, and seizures

Which lifestyle change most improves the course of Crohn's disease?

1. AStopping smoking
2. BDrinking more coffee
3. CAvoiding all exercise
4. DEating more red meat

Which advice is appropriate for a patient with a very low platelet count?

1. AFloss hard every day to prevent gum disease
2. BTake aspirin regularly for headaches
3. CUse a razor blade for shaving every day
4. DUse a soft toothbrush and an electric razor

A patient with diabetes on continuous enteral feeding and an insulin regimen has the feed stopped for a procedure. What is the main concern?

1. AHyperglycaemia because the stomach is empty
2. BDiarrhoea from stopping the feed suddenly
3. CHypoglycaemia if insulin continues without the feed
4. DRefeeding syndrome from too much glucose

Một bệnh nhân bệnh não gan bồn chồn về đêm. Một benzodiazepine được đề nghị để ngủ. Điều dưỡng nên làm gì?

1. ACho gấp đôi liều thường dùng để chắc chắn ngủ
2. BCho thuốc, vì gan không ảnh hưởng thuốc an thần
3. CCho thuốc và ngừng lactulose để tránh tiêu chảy
4. DĐặt câu hỏi về y lệnh, vì thuốc an thần có thể làm bệnh não nặng hơn