Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Which exercises are usually taught to patients before major surgery?

1. AHolding the breath for as long as possible
2. BHeavy weightlifting to build strength
3. CLong-distance running every day
4. DDeep breathing, coughing and leg exercises

What is the main purpose of marking the surgical site before an operation?

1. ATo tell the porter which theatre to go to
2. BTo prevent surgery on the wrong side or site
3. CTo record the patient's allergy status
4. DTo show where the skin should be shaved

In many adult guidelines, how long before an elective anaesthetic can clear fluids usually be drunk?

1. AUp to 2 hours before
2. BUp to 12 hours before
3. CUp to 24 hours before
4. DUp to 10 minutes before

Why is thiamine given to patients with alcohol dependence admitted to hospital?

1. ATo prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy
2. BTo prevent bleeding from varices
3. CTo treat the cirrhosis directly
4. DTo reduce the craving for alcohol

What is achalasia?

1. AFailure of the lower oesophageal sphincter to relax on swallowing
2. BA tear at the junction of the oesophagus and the stomach
3. CInflammation of the oesophagus caused by a fungal infection
4. DWeakness of the lower oesophageal sphincter that allows reflux

Which lung problem is a known toxicity of bleomycin?

1. APulmonary fibrosis
2. BAsthma from pollen
3. CPneumothorax from coughing
4. DLung cancer within weeks

Một bệnh nhân mở thông hồi tràng không có dịch thải trong 6 giờ, kèm đau quặn, chướng bụng, buồn nôn và stoma sưng. Điều dưỡng nên nghi ngờ gì?

1. AGiai đoạn yên lặng bình thường của mở thông hồi tràng mới
2. BPhát ban da nhẹ quanh stoma
3. CMất nước do dịch thải hồi tràng rất cao
4. DTắc stoma, thường do thức ăn, cần đánh giá

A patient has sharp, tearing pain on passing stool, "like passing glass", with a streak of fresh blood. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAnal fissure
2. BUpper GI bleeding
3. CColorectal cancer
4. DCrohn's disease of the ileum