Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What is the first aid for a dry chemical powder on the skin?

1. AAdd vinegar to neutralise it at once
2. BBrush off the powder, then irrigate with plenty of water
3. CRub it in with a wet cloth to spread it thinly over the skin
4. DCover it with a tight dressing and wait

Which sign is typical of hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AA fine rash over the chest and arms
2. BA flapping tremor of the outstretched hands
3. CA drooping eyelid on one side
4. DA stiff neck with sensitivity to light

Why should rings, watches and tight clothing be removed early after a burn to the arm?

1. ASwelling may follow, and they could cut off the circulation
2. BThey make the burn look worse in photographs
3. CMetal items always cause infection in burns
4. DThey interfere with the rule of nines calculation of burn size

Vì sao giảm đau đều đặn (theo lịch) thường được ưu tiên hơn liều "khi cần" trong những ngày đầu sau phẫu thuật lớn?

1. AGiữ nồng độ thuốc ổn định và phòng các đỉnh đau nặng
2. BLoại bỏ nhu cầu đánh giá đau của bệnh nhân trong ngày
3. CHoàn toàn ngăn mọi tác dụng phụ của opioid
4. DCho phép dùng liều cao hơn giới hạn tối đa mỗi ngày

A patient had an upper GI endoscopy with a local anaesthetic throat spray. What must the nurse check before giving a drink?

1. AThat the patient's blood glucose is above normal
2. BThat the patient has passed urine since the procedure
3. CThat bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants
4. DThat swallowing and the gag reflex have returned

Which is a recognised cause of anaphylaxis during surgery?

1. AThe patient's own blood from cell salvage
2. BSterile normal saline
3. CA warmed blanket
4. DChlorhexidine skin preparation

A nurse teaches a patient with GORD. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll keep a diary of foods that trigger my symptoms."
2. B"Peppermint tea after dinner will settle my reflux."
3. C"I'll stop smoking because it makes reflux worse."
4. D"I'll try to lose some weight over the next months."

A nurse finds a dislodged sealed radiation source in the bed of a patient receiving brachytherapy. What should the nurse do?

1. AUse long-handled forceps to put it in the lead container; report it
2. BLeave it in the bed until the end of the shift
3. CPick it up with gloved hands and put it in the nearest sharps bin quickly
4. DThrow it in the clinical waste bag