Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Which is a role of the scrub practitioner in theatre?

1. AObtaining the patient's surgical consent
2. BGiving the anaesthetic drugs to the patient
3. CMoving equipment outside the sterile field only
4. DPreparing and passing sterile instruments

Where should a diathermy return electrode (plate) be placed?

1. AOn skin covered with spirit-based prep that is still wet
2. BOver a bony area such as the hip bone
3. COn clean, dry skin over a well-perfused muscle
4. DOver a metal joint replacement

What is the usual adult reference range for platelets?

1. AAbout 4–11 × 10⁹/L
2. BAbout 1500–4000 × 10⁹/L
3. CAbout 150–400 × 10⁹/L
4. DAbout 15–40 × 10⁹/L

Why is thiamine given to patients with alcohol dependence admitted to hospital?

1. ATo prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy
2. BTo reduce the craving for alcohol
3. CTo prevent bleeding from varices
4. DTo treat the cirrhosis directly

Which risk is particularly linked with tramadol?

1. ASerotonin syndrome with some antidepressants, and seizures
2. BHigh blood pressure that needs emergency treatment in most patients
3. CSevere stomach ulcers in all patients
4. DRapid liver failure at normal doses

For which stoma can colostomy irrigation be considered?

1. AA new ileostomy in the first week
2. BAn established descending or sigmoid colostomy
3. CAny stoma that has liquid or very loose output
4. DAn ileal conduit draining urine

Một bệnh nhân mở thông hồi tràng không có dịch thải trong 6 giờ, kèm đau quặn, chướng bụng, buồn nôn và stoma sưng. Điều dưỡng nên nghi ngờ gì?

1. ATắc stoma, thường do thức ăn, cần đánh giá
2. BGiai đoạn yên lặng bình thường của mở thông hồi tràng mới
3. CPhát ban da nhẹ quanh stoma
4. DMất nước do dịch thải hồi tràng rất cao

While a central line is disconnected, a patient suddenly becomes breathless with chest pain and hypotension. Air embolism is suspected. What should the nurse do first?

1. ASit the patient fully upright and flush the line
2. BRemove the central line straight away and leave the site open to the air
3. CGive the patient a drink and observe for an hour
4. DClamp the line, lie the patient left side down, head low; give oxygen