Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What is the first aid for a dry chemical powder on the skin?

1. AAdd vinegar to neutralise it at once
2. BBrush off the powder, then irrigate with plenty of water
3. CRub it in with a wet cloth to spread it thinly over the skin
4. DCover it with a tight dressing and wait

What is an ERCP?

1. AA blood test that measures pancreatic enzymes
2. BAn endoscopic test to view and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts
3. CA CT scan of the abdomen without contrast
4. DAn open operation to remove the gallbladder

Which features are typical of a superficial partial-thickness burn?

1. ABlisters, a moist pink base and severe pain
2. BRedness only, with no blisters, like sunburn
3. CDry, white, leathery skin with no pain
4. DCharred skin with exposed muscle and bone

Nhận định nào về giảm đau đa mô thức là đúng?

1. APhối hợp các thuốc có tác dụng khác nhau để giảm nhu cầu opioid
2. BPhối hợp nhiều opioid khác nhau để tăng hiệu quả tổng thể
3. CĐây là phương pháp chỉ dùng cho đau mạn tính dài hạn
4. DChỉ nên cho một thuốc giảm đau tại một thời điểm

A patient has taken oral prednisolone daily for many months. Why is this important before surgery?

1. ASteroids must always be stopped a full week before any type of surgery
2. BSteroids make the anaesthetic drugs last much longer
3. CSteroids prevent all wound infections after surgery
4. DThey may need extra steroid cover to prevent an adrenal crisis

Which check is routinely made for a patient with a burn wound?

1. ATetanus immunisation status
2. BVisual acuity in both eyes
3. CBlood group of the next of kin
4. DMeasles vaccination status

A patient with a permanent pacemaker is booked for surgery using monopolar diathermy. Why must the team know?

1. AThe pacemaker will always be removed during surgery
2. BThe patient cannot have any anaesthetic at all
3. CPacemakers stop all bleeding during surgery
4. DDiathermy can interfere with the pacemaker's function

An incontinent patient has diffuse, shiny, red and broken skin in the natal cleft and buttocks with irregular edges, not over a bony prominence. What is most likely?

1. AAn arterial ulcer caused by poor circulation
2. BIncontinence-associated dermatitis
3. CA category 4 pressure ulcer over the sacrum
4. DA full-thickness burn