Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

How does the pain of acute appendicitis typically progress?

1. AIt starts in the left lower abdomen, then spreads to the back
2. BIt starts around the umbilicus, then moves to the right lower abdomen
3. CIt starts in the right shoulder, then moves to the chest
4. DIt stays in the upper abdomen and eases after meals

If hair must be removed before surgery, which method is recommended?

1. AElectric clippers on the day of surgery
2. BA razor shave the night before surgery
3. CPulling the hairs out with tweezers
4. DA wax strip several days before surgery

Đau của viêm tụy cấp điển hình cảm nhận ở đâu?

1. AỞ vùng thượng vị, thường lan ra sau lưng
2. BỞ bụng dưới bên phải, gần hông
3. CỞ đỉnh vai trái, nặng hơn khi hít sâu
4. DỞ thấp lưng, đỡ khi nằm phẳng

Which factor can precipitate hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with cirrhosis?

1. AA high fluid intake
2. BRegular gentle walking
3. CA low-salt diet
4. DConstipation

Which task for a stable patient with an established ileostomy can usually be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ATeaching the patient about high-output risks
2. BEmptying the pouch and measuring the output
3. CAssessing the stoma for signs of necrosis
4. DDeciding whether IV fluids are needed

Why are antiemetics usually given before chemotherapy starts?

1. AThey stop the chemotherapy from causing hair loss and mouth sores
2. BAntiemetics make the chemotherapy work better
3. CPreventing nausea works better than treating it later
4. DThey cannot be given once nausea has started

On the day after a Hartmann's procedure, the end colostomy is dark purple to black. What should the nurse do?

1. AReport it urgently, as the stoma may be necrotic
2. BRecord it as normal postoperative bruising and recheck it next week
3. CCut a smaller hole in the pouch
4. DRub the stoma to improve its colour

A patient has a category (stage) 2 pressure ulcer on the sacrum. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AOffload the area, manage moisture, support nutrition and dress it
2. BLeave it uncovered and dry it with a hair dryer
3. CMassage around the wound every hour to stimulate blood flow to the skin
4. DSit the patient upright in a chair for most of the day