Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What should patients usually be told about hair loss from chemotherapy?

1. AIt happens with every type of cancer treatment, including surgery
2. BIt means the treatment is not working
3. CIt is always permanent with every drug
4. DIt is usually temporary, and hair grows back afterwards

What is pulmonary aspiration?

1. ABreathing too fast after surgery
2. BA collapsed lung after a chest drain
3. CRemoving fluid from the chest with a needle through the ribs
4. DInhaling stomach contents or other material into the lungs

What does the ASA physical status classification describe?

1. AThe exact length of the planned operation
2. BThe type of anaesthetic drug the surgeon prefers
3. CThe patient's pain score after surgery
4. DThe patient's general health before anaesthesia

Why are antiemetics usually given before chemotherapy starts?

1. AThey stop the chemotherapy from causing hair loss and mouth sores
2. BAntiemetics make the chemotherapy work better
3. CPreventing nausea works better than treating it later
4. DThey cannot be given once nausea has started

A patient has taken oral prednisolone daily for many months. Why is this important before surgery?

1. ASteroids must always be stopped a full week before any type of surgery
2. BSteroids prevent all wound infections after surgery
3. CSteroids make the anaesthetic drugs last much longer
4. DThey may need extra steroid cover to prevent an adrenal crisis

What is anticipatory nausea in chemotherapy?

1. ANausea caused by low blood glucose
2. BNausea triggered by reminders of treatment before it is given
3. CNausea that starts about a week after each cycle and lasts for days
4. DNausea caused only by the smell of food

A nurse teaches a patient after a colonoscopy with polyp removal. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I should report a fever or a swollen, painful abdomen."
2. B"I'll report heavy bleeding from my bottom."
3. C"Severe abdominal pain is normal for a week afterwards."
4. D"Some wind and bloating today is expected."

A patient with three fractured ribs is taking shallow breaths because of pain. Why is effective analgesia a priority?

1. ARib pain always means the heart is damaged
2. BGood analgesia makes rib fractures heal fully within a few days
3. CPain relief is only needed for the patient's comfort
4. DShallow breathing can lead to atelectasis and pneumonia