Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

What does the ASA physical status classification describe?

1. AThe type of anaesthetic drug the surgeon prefers
2. BThe patient's general health before anaesthesia
3. CThe exact length of the planned operation
4. DThe patient's pain score after surgery

What is lymphoedema?

1. AInflammation of the lymph nodes in the neck and armpits from a virus
2. BSwelling from a broken bone in the arm
3. CFluid in the lungs from heart failure
4. DSwelling from poor lymph drainage, for example after node removal

Which feature is typical of ulcerative colitis?

1. APatchy inflammation anywhere from mouth to anus
2. BInflammation limited to the oesophagus
3. CInflammation of the full thickness of the small bowel
4. DContinuous inflammation starting at the rectum

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. AWait until there has been no stool for a week
2. BStart a regular laxative at the same time
3. CTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water
4. DStop eating fibre completely

Which treatment often relieves pain from a bone metastasis?

1. AComplete bed rest for a month
2. BA diet low in calcium and vitamin D
3. CIron supplements by mouth for several months
4. DPalliative radiotherapy to the area

Vai trò của hạn chế natri và spironolactone trong xơ gan là gì?

1. ATăng huyết áp và cải thiện lưu lượng máu thận
2. BTăng mất kali và phòng tăng kali máu
3. CGiảm ammoniac máu và điều trị bệnh não
4. DGiảm giữ natri và nước và kiểm soát cổ trướng

A patient with a toe ulcer says the leg pain is worse at night and eases when they hang the leg over the side of the bed. What does this suggest?

1. AVenous insufficiency
2. BLymphoedema
3. CArterial insufficiency
4. DNeuropathic itching

A patient has a category (stage) 2 pressure ulcer on the sacrum. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. ASit the patient upright in a chair for most of the day
2. BLeave it uncovered and dry it with a hair dryer
3. COffload the area, manage moisture, support nutrition and dress it
4. DMassage around the wound every hour to stimulate blood flow to the skin