Phiếu bài tập Nội–ngoại khoa: tiêu hóa, quanh phẫu thuật và ung thư có đáp án

Biện pháp phòng ngừa nào quan trọng nhất để giảm nhiễm trùng ở bệnh nhân giảm bạch cầu trung tính?

1. AMọi người vệ sinh tay nghiêm ngặt
2. BKéo rèm kín cả ngày
3. CCho kháng sinh với mọi khách thăm
4. DGiữ bệnh nhân nằm giường

Which signs suggest early hypovolaemic shock after surgery?

1. ASlow heart rate, flushed skin and warm hands
2. BHigh blood pressure with a fast, bounding pulse
3. CNormal pulse with heavy sweating only after meals
4. DRising heart rate, cool skin and slow capillary refill

What is the main aim of palliative care?

1. AReplacing all other medical treatment
2. BCuring the disease at any cost, whatever the side effects
3. COnly providing care in the last hour of life
4. DImproving quality of life for people with serious illness

Loại băng nào nhìn chung phù hợp với vết thương khô, có mô hoại tử mềm cần độ ẩm?

1. AGạc khô
2. BBăng xốp (foam)
3. CHydrogel
4. DAlginate

A patient with a new colostomy asks what to eat at home. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AAvoid all fruit and vegetables for the rest of their life
2. BDrink as little fluid as possible to reduce output
3. CEat only liquids until the stoma is removed
4. DEat a normal, balanced diet and introduce foods gradually

Which advice is appropriate for a patient with a very low platelet count?

1. ATake aspirin regularly for headaches
2. BUse a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
3. CUse a razor blade for shaving every day
4. DFloss hard every day to prevent gum disease

A patient's platelet count is 18 × 10⁹/L (18,000/µL). Which order should the nurse question?

1. ADaily full blood count
2. BA soft diet with mouthwashes
3. COral paracetamol for headache
4. DAn intramuscular injection

A patient with active cancer on chemotherapy develops new swelling and pain in one calf. Why must this be reported promptly?

1. AThe swelling shows the cancer has gone
2. BIt is only a muscle strain from walking
3. CCalf swelling is a normal effect of chemotherapy
4. DCancer and its treatment greatly increase clot risk